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Psychology Basics
Nervous System, Scientific Method, Sensation/Perception, Parts of the brain, Neurotransmitters.
53
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
02/05/2012

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Cards

Term
Psychology is?
Definition
The scientific study of behavior and the mental process.
Term
Who is the Father of psychology?
Definition
Wilhelm Wundt. (First man to study psychology as a science)
Term
Behavioral Approach
Definition
Concerned with behavior. (Skinner, Watson)
Term
Psychodynamic Approach
Definition
Concerned with childhood. Unconscious thought, instinct and social demand. (Freud)
Term
Behavioral Neuroscience
Definition
Concerned with behavior taking place in brain on a neurological level.
Term
Evolutionary Approach
Definition
Concerned with "survival of the psychologically fittest". These people will have greater chance to reproduce due to ability to survive.
Term
Humanistic Approach
Definition
As human beings, we all hold the ability to be psychologically healthy, productive adults.
Term
4 Steps of the Scientific Method
Definition
1.Theory
2.Hypothesis
3.Operational Definitions
4.Data Analysis
Term
Theory
Definition
Loosely associated ideas used for explanation
Term
Hypothesis
Definition
A statement which can be tested.
Term
Descriptive Research
Definition
Can show correlations between two variables.
Term
2 types of Observational Research
Definition
1.Naturalistic
2.Laboratory
Term
Naturalistic Research
Definition
Subject is unaware of being observed
Term
Laboratory Research
Definition
Subject IS aware of observation.
Term
Survey Research
Definition
Surveys via phone, mail, internet poll, interview etc.
Term
Case Study/Clinical Research
Definition
In depth look at a single individual over a long period of time.
Term
Standardized Tests (types)
Definition
S.A.T,G.R.E, MCAT
Term
Experimental Research
Definition
Carefully controlled process where one or more factors beieved to influence the behavior being studied are manipulated, while other factors are made constant.
Term
Reticular Formation
Definition
Regulates Stereotyped behavior (repeated physical patterns ie. sleeping, walking)
Term
Pons
Definition
Regulates sleep/arousal
Term
Cerebellum
Definition
Coordinates complex movement (fine/gross motor skills ie. threading a needle, knitting, walking/talking)
Term
Thalamus
Definition
Controls relay of info. through the brain structures. ("traffic control", MOST sensory info passes through thalamus first)
Term
Limbic System
Definition
Regulates memory and emotion.
Term
Hypothalamus
Definition
Monitors eating, drinking, sex. Also emotion, stress and reward.
Term
Hippocampus
Definition
Allows new memories to be stored.
Term
Amygdala
Definition
Regulates anger and temperament.
Term
Cerebral Cortex
Definition
Largest section of the brain. (Consists of 2 hemispheres and 4 lobes)
Term
Left Brain
Definition
Concrete logic, language, science.
Term
Right Brain
Definition
Music appreciation, creativity, humor.
Term
Nervous System
Definition
The body's electrochemical communication circuitry, made up of billions of neurons.
Term
Neuron
Definition
Building block of the nervous system.
Term
Parts of the neuron (in order of energy travel)
Definition
Dendrites, Soma/Nucleus, Axon, Myelin sheath, Synapse.
Term
What do some neurons do to the nervous system where the others do the opposite?
Definition
Some excite the nervous system, some calm it.
Term
Pinnae
Definition
The outside of the ear that funnels in sound.
Term
Papillae
Definition
Tastebuds.
Term
Absolute Threshold
Definition
The minimum amount of energy that can be detected ( 50% of the time)
Term
Difference Threshold
Definition
Minimum amount of change in energy needed to be able to detect difference in sensory perception.
Term
Sensation is
Definition
The process of receiving stimulus energies from the environment
Term
Perception is
Definition
The brain's process of organizing & giving meaning to information gathered.
Term
Transduction is
Definition
The process of changing physical stimulus energy into electrochemicals
Term
5 Gestalt Principles of Perception
Definition
1.Proximity
2.Closure
3.Similarity
4.Simplicity
5.Continuity
Term
Behavior is
Definition
Anything that is directly observable
Term
Acetylcholine (ACh)
Definition
Regulates muscle action, learning & memory.
Term
Dopamine
Definition
Influences MOVEMENT learning, attention & emotion
Term
Serotonin
Definition
Affects MOOD, hunger, sleep, and arousal.
Term
Norepinephrine
Definition
Helps control alertness & arousal.
Term
Endorphins
Definition
Affect pain, senses, and satisfaction.
Term
Frontal Lobe
Definition
Intelligence, planning, motivation.
Term
Occipital Lobe
Definition
Visual Cortex
Term
Parietal Lobe
Definition
Physical awareness
Term
Temporal Lobe
Definition
Auditory processing
Term
Low levels of GABA cause...
Definition
Anxiety.
Term
Example of subliminal perception?
Definition
When someone puts your hand in warm water when you sleep & you urinate. Lulz
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