Term
| Describe the Loftus & Palmer (1974) experiment & results |
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Definition
Subjects watched a video tape of a traffic accident.
Subjects were asked questions which were framed differently "contacted, vs hit, vs bumped, vs collided, vs smashed"
One day later, subjects were answered other questions related to the accident. ("Did you see broken glass?")
--Found that subjects' answers were highly dependent on the framed questions. Subjects claimed to see things they did not actually see, and estimates of things (like speed of the cars) was dramatically impacted by the way the question was framed. |
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Term
| Describe Loftus, Miller, & burns (1978)& results |
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Definition
Subjects saw slides of an auto accident
subjects asked MISLEADING questions:
"Did another car pass the sports car while it was stopped at the stop sign?" (when it was actually a yield sign)
Subjects then shown pictures - some were fake/misleading
Subjects consistently chose pictures which matched the misleading information. |
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Term
| Describe Sulin and Dooling (1974) |
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Definition
Subjects given a passage to read, about the rise of a fictional dictator.
Some subjects' passages were altered to have the name Adolf Hitler instead of the fictional dictator
Subjects asked to recognize sentences from the passage one week later.
"Hitler" group had difficulty distinguishing what was in the passage, and what was just knowledge about Adolf Hitler. |
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Term
| Describe Lindsay et al., 2004 |
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Definition
subjects' parents provided two true childhood stories to experimenter
Subjects read about the two events, and one fake one, which supposedly happened to them, and asked to recall them in detail.
Subjects asked to spend more time thinking about it. 1 week later, quizzed again.
Some subjects shown an (actual) childhood picture taken about the time of the fake event during recollection.
70% of Ss shown the picture claimed to actually remember fake event & even provided more details.
only ~20% who were not shown the photo claimed to remember fake event |
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