Term
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Definition
| The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. |
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Term
| What is the scientific method? |
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Definition
| Teh orderly, systematic procedures that researchers follow as they identify a research problem, design a study to investigate the problem, collect and analyze data, draw conclusions, and communicate their findings. |
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Definition
| The first formal school of thought in pyschology, aimed at analyzing the basic elements, or structure, of conscious mental experience. |
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Definition
| An early school of psychology that was concerned with how humans and animals use mental processes in adapting to their environment. |
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Definition
| The school of psychology that views observable, measurable behavior as the appropriate subject matter for psychology and emphasizes the key role of environment as a determinant of behavior. |
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Definition
| The term Freud used for his theory of personality and his therapy for the treatment of psychological disorders; the unconscious is the primary focus of psychoanalytic theory. |
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Term
| What is humanistic psychology? |
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Definition
| The school of psychology that focuses on the uniqueness of human beings and their capacity for choice, growth, and psychological health. |
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Term
| What is cognitive psychology? |
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Definition
| The school of psychology that sees humans as active participants in their environment; studies mental processes such as memory, problem solving, reasoning, decision making, perception, language, and other forms of cognition. |
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Term
| What is Gestalt psychology? |
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Definition
| The school of psychology that emphasizes that individuals perceive objects and patterns as whole units and that the perceived whole is more than the sum of its parts. |
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Term
| What is evolutionary psychology? |
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Definition
| The school of psychology that studies how humans have adapted the behaviors required for survival in the face of environment pressures over the long course of evolution. |
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Term
| What is biological psychology? |
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Definition
| The school of psychology that looks for links between specific behaviors and equally specific biological processes that often help explain individual differences |
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Term
| What is the sociocultural approach? |
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Definition
| The view that social and cultural factors may be juse as powerful as evolutionary and physiological factors in affecting behavior and mental processing and that these factors must be understood when interpreting the behavior of others. |
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Term
| What is naturalistic observation? |
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Definition
| A descriptive research method in which researchers observe and record behavior in its natural setting, without attempting to influence or control it. |
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Term
| What is laboratory observation? |
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Definition
| A descriptive research method in which behavior is studied in a laboratory setting. |
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Term
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Definition
| A descriptive research method in which a single individual or a small number of persons are studied in great depth. |
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Term
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Definition
| A descriptive research method in which researchers use interviews and or questionnaires to gather information about the attitudes, beliefs, experiences, or behaviors of a group of people |
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Term
| What is the correlational method? |
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Definition
| A research method used to establish the degree of relationship between two characteristics, events, or behaviors. |
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Term
| What is the experimental method? |
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Definition
| The only research method that can be used to identify cause-effect relationships between two or more conditions or variables. |
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Term
| What are the different biases? |
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Definition
Selection bias-systematic differences in groups selected. Placebo- expectations about treatment influence subject's actual treatment Experimenter bias- an experimenter is influenced by what they WANT the outcome to be Confounding variables-factors outside of independent variables are not equivalent across groups |
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