Term
| What are the 5 guidelines? |
|
Definition
1)Behavior being studied must be measurable by human observation or devices. 2)Method and data must be objective 3)Procedure must be repeatable 4)Results of experiments must be communicable 5)Data must be gathered in an organized and systematic fashion
|
|
|
Term
| What are the 6 psychological methods called? |
|
Definition
1) Natural Observation 2) Directed Observation 3) Case Study 4) Interview 5) Questionnaire 6) Tests
|
|
|
Term
Natural Observation Advantages & Disadvantages |
|
Definition
a) observing and recording the behavior of organisms in their natural environment - advantage b) gives little information about why behavior occurs - disadvantage
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| observing behavior under controlled conditions in an experimental setting |
|
|
Term
Directed Observations Advantages & Disadvantages |
|
Definition
Disadvantage (1) -not in natural environment -behavior might be different (2) observation may be biased Advantages - alter variables to determine cause
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of objective descriptions of background forces that may have influenced on individuals development |
|
|
Term
Case Study Advantages & Disadvantages |
|
Definition
Advantage - Provides many sources of information Disadvantage - Reports usually obtained from people associated with subject observer bias.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| used to put together individuals case record |
|
|
Term
Interview Advantages & Disadvantages |
|
Definition
Disadvantages - (1) Personal bias of interviewer (2) Interview does not provide results in exact terms Advantage - uses primary sources
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| List of questions on a subject to a select group |
|
|
Term
The Questionnaire Method Advantages & Disadvantages |
|
Definition
Disadvantage - subject may give inaccurate answers Advantage - quickly able to obtain data
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Developed to measure a specific trait |
|
|
Term
Tests Advantages & Disadvantages |
|
Definition
Advantage (1) More objective than questionnaire or interviews (2) Results given in statistical terms (3) Scores can be compared Disadvantage - does not give full and final answers
|
|
|
Term
| Experimentation: Hypothesis |
|
Definition
a) states relationships between 2 or more variables b) test to see how one variable affects another
|
|
|
Term
| Experimentation: Variables |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dependent & Independent Variables |
|
Definition
Dependent - behavior of trait to be measured (Dependent on some change) Independent - the factor to be controlled and manipulated
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Select representative group through "random selection" 2) Divide into 2 groups- Experimental & Control
|
|
|
Term
| Experimental & Control Group |
|
Definition
Experimental - group that conditions will be altered Control - group that will not be affected
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| General principle based on information gathered to explain what has been learned. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Animal use Advantages and Disadvantages |
|
Definition
Advantage - (1) Behavior of animals can be controlled more than humans (2) Shorter life span than humans. Total effect on life can be observed. (3) Some experiments cannot be done on humans Disadvantage - animal results cannot be associated with human behavior
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Guidelines 1) Information kept confidential 2) Protect subject from physical and psychological harm 3) Subject can withdrawal at any time 4) Subject must be informed of the nature of experiment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Knowledge of being (participant/ias) may alter results. 2) Selection of subjects may not be representative of population to be studied or random. 3) Generalization of results not always acceptable 4) Experimenter bias 5) Protection of the privacy of subjects.
|
|
|
Term
| Correlational Research: Correlation |
|
Definition
1) Consistent relationship between 2 sets of events or variable 2) Used to describe the relationship between variables 3) Study data over which they have little control
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Positive - when variables move in a similar direction 2) Negative - variables move in opposite directions
|
|
|
