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Psychological Disorders
Chapter 16
41
Psychology
11th Grade
12/09/2012

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Term
Psychopathology
Definition
The scientific study of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders; also abnormal or maladaptive behavior.
Term
Subjective discomfort
Definition
Personal, private feelings of discomfort, unhappiness, or emotional distress.
Term
Statistical abnormality
Definition
abnormality defined on the basis of an extreme score on some dimension, such as IQ or anxiety
Term
Normal Curve
Definition
A bell shaped curve with a large number of scores in the middle, tapering to very few extremely high and low scores.
Term
Social Nonconformity
Definition
Failure to conform to societal norms or the usual minimum standards for social conduct.
Term
Situational Context
Definition
 The social situation, behavioral setting, or general circumstances in which an action takes place.
Term
Cultural relativity
Definition
Perceptions and judgements made relative to the values of one's culture
Term
Maladaptive behavior
Definition
behavior that makes it difficult to adapt to the environment and meet the demand of day-to-day life
Term
Social Stigma
Definition
Disgrace, rejection, condemnation, or reproach associated with a particular social status, such as bein a convict of suffering from mental illness.
Term
Mental Disorder
Definition
A significant impairment in psychological functioning.
Term
Psychotic disorder
Definition
 a severe mental disorder characterized by a retreat from reality, by hallucinations and delusions, and by social withdrawl.
Term
Organic Mental Disorder
Definition
A mental or emotional problem caused by brain diseases or injuries.
Term
Substance related disorder
Definition
abuse of or dependence in a mood- or behavior-altering drug.
Term
Mood Disorder
Definition
a major disturbance in mood or emotion, such as depression or mania.
Term
anxiety disorder
Definition
disruptive feelings of fear, apprehension, or anxiety or distortions in behavior that are anxiety related.
Term
Somatoform disorder
Definition
physical symptoms that mimic disease or injury for which there is no identifiable physical cause.
Term
dissociative disorder
Definition
Temporary amnesia,  multiple personality, or depersonalization
Term
Personality Disorder
Definition
 A Maladaptive personality pattern
Term
Sexual and gender identity disorders.
Definition
Any of a wide range of difficulties with sexual identity, deviant sexual behavior, or sexual adjustment.
Term
Insanity
Definition
A legal term that refers to a mental inability to manage one's affairs or to be aware if the consequences of one's actions.
Term
Expert Witness
Definition
A person recognized by a court of law as being qualified to give expert testimony on a specific topic.
Term
Anti- Social Personality
Definition

A person who lacks a conscience; is emotionally shallow, impulsive, and selfish; and tends to manipulate others.

 

Term
Anxiety
Definition
apprehension, dread, or uneasiness similar to fear but based on an unclear threat.
Term
Adjustment disorder
Definition
An emotional disturbance caused by ongoing stressors within the range of common experience
Term
Generalized Anxiety disorder
Definition
The person is in a chronic state if tension and worries about work, relationships, ability, or impending disaster.
Term
Free Floating Anxiety
Definition
Anxiety that is very general and pervasive.
Term
Panic disorder (without agoraphobia)
Definition
The person is in a chronic state of anxiety and has breif moments if sudden, intense, unexpected panic.
Term
Panic disorder (with agoraphobia)
Definition
The person is in a chronic state of anxiety and has breif moments of sudden panic. the person fears that these panic attacks will ccur in public places or unfamiliar situations.
Term
Agoraphobia (without Panic)
Definition
The person fears that something extremely embarassing will happen if he or she leaves the house or enters unfamiliar situations.
Term
Social phobia
Definition
An intense, irrational fear of being observed, evaluated, embarassed, or humiliated by others in social situations.
Term
Specific Phobia
Definition
An intense, irrational fear of specific objects, activities, or situations.
Term
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Definition
an extreme preoccupation with certain thoughts and compulsive performance of certain behavior.
Term
Obsession
Definition
Recurring irrational or disturbing  thoughts or mental images that a person cannot prevent
Term
Compulsive
Definition
An act an individual driven to repeat, often against his or her will.
Term
Stress Disorder
Definition
A significant emotional disturbance caused by stresses outside the range of normal human experience
Term
Acute Stress disorder
Definition
A psychological disturbance lasting up to one month following stress that would produce anxiety to anyone who experienced them.
Term
Posttraumatic stress disorder
Definition
a psychological disturbance lasting more than a month following stresses in anyone that woudl experience them
Term
dissociative amnesia
Definition
loss of memory (partial or complete) for important information related to personal identity
Term
dissociative Fugue
Definition
sudden travel away from home, plus confusion about one's personal identity
Term
dissociative identity disorder
Definition
the presence of two or more distinct personalities.
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