Term
| Psychodynamic Theory (Freud) |
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Definition
-Psychic determinism is internal conflict acted out
-Symptoms are related to unconscious problems |
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Term
| Accoring to Freud, what is the structure of the psyche? |
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Definition
EGO
-is the structure that mediates internal and external conflict
SUPEREGO
-is the demands that external environment places on an individual
ID
-basically the wants of the individual |
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Term
Important Concepts:
-Pleasure Principle
-Reality Principle
-Defense Mechanisms |
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Definition
PLEASURE PRINCIPLE
-the Id wants what it want adn when it wants it. It is driven to take care of needs
REALITY PRINCIPLE
-the realization that the world is sometimes harsh and dangerous; therefore, you cannot always do what you want. This offers balance to the pleasure principle
DEFENSE MECHANISMS
-these are heuristic devices: a way of understanding the way people behave the way they do |
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Term
| 3 properties of defense mechanisms |
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Definition
UNCONSCIOUS (automatic)
-you do not have to thinka bout how to react. You just simply react.
DYNAMIC AND REVERSIBLE
-they can change day by day. (just because you are passive aggressive today does not mean you will be tomorrow.)
ADAPTIVE AND PATHOLOGICAL
-the mechanism can be good or bad. It could be good to regress when you are sick and alow someone else to take care of you |
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Term
| Narcissistic Defense Mechanisms |
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Definition
-these mechanisms are the most primiive and require that you suspend reality
DENIAL
-avoiding awareness of painful reality
-ex: a huge melanoma on forehand that is bleeding and you say it is not a big deal
PROJECTION
-this is seen in extremely paranoid people; other people are seen as hostile and dangerous |
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Term
| Immature Defense Mechanisms |
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Definition
-seen in people who have not grown up
ACTING OUT
-this is acting on aggressive impulses and generally leads to conflict with the environment. This is seen in temper tantrums.
-ex: you eat a piece of cake you know your mom made for her party tonight because you do not want to wait.
HYPOCHONDRIASIS
-this deals with the exaggeration of medical problems or the preoccupation with the likelihood of having an illness. This is a way to avoid doing things.
-ex: you do not awant to go to school because of an exam. Since you have a little nausea, you tell mom you are afraid you will vomit.
PASSIVE-AGGRESSIVE
-this is not doing what others want you to do. this can be good sometimes.
-procrastination is classic example
REGRESSION
-this is the return to an earlier stage of development. It can be a good way to release stress; however, it can be problematic if you refuse to take on adult responsibilities
-ex: when you are sick you let your mom take care of you
SCHIZOID FANTASY
-this is when you live in your dreams. you see yourself bigger and better than you are
-it can be away for people to escape disappointments |
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Term
| Neurotic Defense Mechanisms |
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Definition
-these are mechanisms that people do all the time
DISPLACEMENT
-this is the idea of directing certain feelings to an object or person to whom it is safe to do so
-ex: you cannot go to your boss and smack him in the head, therefore, you direct your feelins to someone else
EXTERNALIZATION
-this is similar to projection but not as severe. it is putting the blame on someone else. it is their issue not mine
-ex: the dog ate my homework
RATIONALIZATION
-this is a way of explaining our own behavior in a more comfortable way
REACTION FORMATION
-this is doing opposite of what we feel
-ex: women in old movies wanting to smack each other but act civil toward each other instead
REPRESSIOn
-this is pushing something out of awareness or cutting off emotional response
INTELLECTUALIZATION
-this is similar to rationalization. It uses an academic argument as opposed to what gets me off the hook. |
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Term
| Mature Defense Mechanisms |
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Definition
-these mechanisms are good things
ALTRUISM
-doing nice things for people; putting others first
ASCETICISM
-this is denying yourself pleasures in service to the higher good
-ex: joining a monastery
HUMOR
-this is being able to laugh at yourself and the situation without putting others down
SUBLIMATION
-this is redirecting urges in a positive way
-ex: you like cutting things and decide to be a surgeon. You like attention and decide to be a news anchor
SUPPRESSION
-this is temporarily getting a hold of an emotional state in order to achieve other goals. |
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Term
| What are the 4 stages in the Theory of Psychosexual Development? |
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Definition
ORAL STAGE
-the period that a person relates to the world through the mouth (feeding).
ANAL STAGE
-the period that involves toileting. it also involves battle of will. (A sense of do I have control over my own body)
PHALLIC STAGE
-is the stage that boys and girls see themselves as boys and girls. In addition, they typically start to identify more to the same gender parent
LATENCY STAGE
-the perioid of childhood between 6 and 12 years of age. This is the stage that skills and interests shape more strongly |
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Term
Know Handouts
You should be able to apply the defense mechanisms to example scenarios. This includes all the mechanisms covered in class as well ast he ones that are more easily understood (like the mature category) |
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Definition
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