Term
|
Definition
Id - pleasure principle (reduces pain, gains pleasure, desires, drives motivation, doesn't mature, can't tolerate tension, uses defense mechanisms to avoid tension, not practical)
Ego - reality principle (psychological component, contact of real world, mediates instinct and environment, works for Id, no existence without Id, practical)
Superego - moral principle (social component, strives for perfection, can oppose both id and ego, thinks of right and wrong actions, inhibits id, persuades ego to have morals) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most of what goes on is beyond our awareness (consciousness), Freud uses dream interpretation, slip of the tongue, material derived from free-association and projective techniques to gather information about the unconscious |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| expressions that represent an underlying drive/issue that has been repressed into the unconscious. are caused by a failure to fully develop in the psychosexual/social stages of the first 6 years of life. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| derives from memories, feelings (repressed), desires. develops out of conflict among the id, ego, and superego to control psychic energy. warns of impending danger. ego defense mechanisms help cope with anxiety. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| help cope with anxiety. adaptive/normal behavior that denies or distorts reality but operates on an unconscious level. can be a good thing if they are not used to avoid facing reality |
|
|
Term
| Repression (Defense mechanism) |
|
Definition
| threatening or painful thoughts excluded from awareness |
|
|
Term
| Denial (defense mechanism) |
|
Definition
| blind oneself to reality that's too painful to accept |
|
|
Term
| Reaction Formation (defense mechanism) |
|
Definition
| one does an opposite behavior in order to decrease anxiety of a disturbing behavior. its unconscious "love taps for children" |
|
|
Term
| Projection (Defense mechanism) |
|
Definition
| attributing one's own unacceptable desires to someone else (thinking someone else is feeling what you are feeling) |
|
|
Term
| Displacement (defense mechanism) |
|
Definition
| shifting impulses from a threatening target to a softer one (yelling at your wife but wanted to yell at your boss) |
|
|
Term
| Rationalization (defense mechanism) |
|
Definition
| explaining away failures or loses to soften disappointment |
|
|
Term
| sublimation (defense mechanism) |
|
Definition
| diverting sexual aggression into socially accepted or creative behavior |
|
|
Term
| Introjection (defense mechanism) |
|
Definition
| taking in values/standards of others |
|
|
Term
| Regression (defense mechanism) |
|
Definition
| reverting to an earlier phase of development when there were fewer demands |
|
|
Term
| Identification (defense mechanism) |
|
Definition
| identifying w successful others; part of normal development process; can be a defense mechanism reaction by ppl who feel inferior |
|
|
Term
| Compensation (defense mechanism) |
|
Definition
| masking perceived weaknesses or developing positive traits to make up for limitations. |
|
|
Term
| Ritual and undoing (defense mechanism) |
|
Definition
| negates disapproved thoughts and behaviors (doing something to get rid of an anxiety from something you did, i.e. sending old b.f. a card that you broke up with to prove you're not a bad person. |
|
|
Term
| Development of Personality |
|
Definition
Oral stage - first year, related to later mistrust and rejection issues
Anal stage - ages 1 -3, related to later personal power issues
Phallic stage - ages 3 - 6, related to later sexual attitudes (oedipus complex)
Latency stage - ages 6 -12, a time for socialization and relationship with others
Genital stage - 12 - 60, sexaul energies are invested in life, libido (life energy), |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| client reacts to therapist as he did to an earlier significant other. this allows client to experience feelings that would otherwise be inaccessible. analysis of transference allows client to achieve insight into the influence of the past in the present |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reaction of the therapist toward the client that may interfere with objectivity. not always detrimental to goals, can provide important means of understanding of clients world, must be monitored so it is used properly. |
|
|
Term
| Psychoanalytic Techniques |
|
Definition
Free association - client reports immediately w/out censoring any feelings or thoughts.
interpretation - therapist points out, explains, and teaches the meanings of whatever is revealed
dream analysis - therapist uses the "royal road to the unconscious" to bring unconscious material light, latent and manifest content |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gain insight, make the unconscious conscious, seek growth of ego so behavior is based in reality, restructure personality rather than resolve immediate problems (hysterical misery into common unhappiness) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| may not be appropriate for all cultures or socioeconomic groups, deterministic focus does not emphasize current maladaptive behaviors, minimizes role of environment, requires subjective interpretation, relies heavily on client fantasy, lengthy treatment may not be practical or affordable for many clients |
|
|
