According to Westen, what are the assumptions

of an Empirically Supported Therapy?

• Psychological processes are highly malleable (all can be influenced)

• Patients have one primary problem (not usually the case)

• Psychological sympotoms can be understood and isolated from personality (not exactly)

Psychic Determinism

The non-randomness of mental life.

(In the mind, nothing happens by chance)

The Genetic View in Psychoanalysis

Refers to adult mental processes as products of early childhood processes

Frueds Basic assuptions about Psychoanalytical Theory

Frued belived:

• Psychonalysis attempts to understand normal and abnormal psychological phenomena
• Psychological determinism imparts causes and reasons for mental events
• Psychological adaptation functions to maintain a steady state or homeostasis

Freud Believed that (a hysteric) one suffering from

"Glove Anaesthesia" was the result of...

A problematic idea and likely just psychological

Freud believed that hysterics suffered mainly from...

reminiscences

A mental structure...

is slow to change.

Frued's metapsychological points of view?

Topographical, Dynamic, Economic

What led Freud to abandon his theory of infantile seduction/trauma affect model?

• Realization that it was unlikely for ALL patients to have
• sexual abuse history
• His own sexual desires for his mother
• He thought of his fater as a dagerous rival
• Analysis of his own dreams

Un-Conscious refers to which system(s)?

The Pre-Conscious System

AND
The unconscious System

unsatisfied instinctual wishes

(Mental representations of the drives)

Characteristics of an Instinctual Wish?

• It seeks pleasurable discharge
• Functions according to the pleasure principle
• It may arouse conflict as it passes through the unconscious, preconscious and the conscious systems

In the Topographical Model...

the development of transference and dreams represent what?

Derivatives of the unconscious

What is the function of Repression?

To alleviate displeasure aroused by conflict of instinctual wishes

Type of process the Unconscious uses?

The Primary Process

The Pre-Conscious is considered...

Unconscious

Elements of the Pre-Conscious?

a.      Primary process derivatives of the Unconscious seeking discharge

b.     Mental representations formed as a result of interaction with the external world

c.      Products of preconscious imaginative and cognitive activity

Characteristics shared by the Conscious and the Pre-Conscious

a.      The ability to utilize secondary processes

b.     The concept of reality-testing

The relationship between the Unconscious, Pre-Conscious and the Conscious can be described as...

a relatively flexible continuum

PDM levels of personality organization

• Healthy
• Neurotic
• Borderline
• Psychotic

PDM Continuum of treatments

Explaratory.........to..........Supportive

Assessment of Personality functioning

(PDM facets)

• Slef and others (Object relations? complexities?)
• Relationships (maintained over time? stable? satisfying?)
• Affect (full range? consistent? mature?)
• Reality testing (whats real)
• Stress response (Resourceful? Resilient?)

Which personality disorder is missing from the PDM?

Why?

Borderline Personality Disorder

-Possible it doesnt hold up

-Possibly its traits are captured in other personality disorders

A mental state characterized by awareness

Conscious

Levels of arousal of brain centers (the 5 A's)

• Awake
• Alert
• Aroused
• Attentive
• Aware

Topographical

• Mental concepts described in terms of their relationship to consciousness

• Conscious, Pre-Conscious and Conscious (arranged on a verticl axis from surface to depth)

Freuds Dynamic perspective

All psychic phenomena involve the continuous interplay of multiple psychological forces (or motivations) defined by their function and meaning

Frueds Economic perspective

Mental events and structures are fueled by psychic energy

Account for relative intensities

  Peremptory forces of:

o   Wishes

o   Feelings

o   Ideas

o   Power of defensive operations

Cathexis

The investment of drive energy

• mental products
• structures
• activities
• objects

Condensation

The amalgamation of two or more ideational elements cathected by the same charge of energy.

Psychic Reality

memories or real events and imagined events are not distinguished

Manifest Dream

The dream that is consciously remembered

Latent Dream

comprises uncosncious contents involved in the process of dream formation up to the production of the Dream Manisfest.