Repression: 

Projection:

Displacement: 

directing a negative impulse (such as anger) from a socially unacceptable target onto a safer and more socially acceptable target

Reaction Formation: 

is the transformation of an anxiety provoking emotion into its opposite. The observable emotion reflects the opposite emotion the person feels unconsciously.

Regression: 

the act of returning psychologically to a younger age and displaying immature patterns of behaviour

Rationalization: 

is providing a reasonable-sounding explanation for our unreasonable behaviours or failures

Identification:

  is bolstering self-esteem by forming an imaginary or real alliance with some person or group

Extraversion: 

extraverts are characterized as sociable, outgoing, upbeat, friendly and assertive

Neuroticism:

 people are high in neuroticism tend to be anxious, hostile, self-conscious, insecure and vulnerable. They tend to overact to stress

Openness to Experience: 

This trait is associated with curiosity, flexibility, imaginativeness, artistic sensitivity, and unconventional attitudes

Agreeableness: 

Those who are agreeable tend to be sympathetic, trusting, cooperative, modest and straightforward

Conscientiousness: 

1. Germinal Stage

1.  (the first two weeks after conception): after fertilization takes place, the zygote starts to divide and multiply within 36 hours. It moves from mother's fallopian tube to uterus wall and implant itself in there on about 7th day. During the implantation process, the placenta begins to form.

2. Embryonic Stage 

2. (two weeks to end of second month): This is a very critical stage for the embryo because all of the basic physiological structures are being formed during this period. Heart, spine and brain emerge gradually. If anything interferes with normal development, effects can be devastating.

Pre-conventional Morality

• The first level, pre-conventional morality, is marked by a focus on punishment and reward. What is right is what we are rewarded for and what is wrong is what we are punished for.

Conventional Morality

• The second level, conventional morality, is marked by a focus on societal values. What is right is what society approves of; what is wrong is what society disapproves of.

Post-conventional Morality

Alarm:

• The body recognizes the existence of a threat and musters its sources to combat the challenge. It is ready to fight or flight
• When faced with a stressor, endocrine system is triggered through the activation of the sympathetic division of the ANS and the pituitary gland. As a result adrenalin gland releases hormones that will prepare body for action

Resistance

• Physiological arousal continues to be higher but the body adapts to the stressor and finds way to cope with it
• Confronted with a stressful situation, we examine each new development as it unfolds, consider alternative solutions, and direct our efforts toward constructing a coping plan

Exhaustion

• However, our reaction changes when a stressor is more prolonged and uncontrollable.
• If our personal resources are limited and we lack good coping measures, our resistance may ultimately      brake down, causing our levels of activation to bottom out.
• The results can range from damage to an organ system, to depression and anxiety, to a breakdown in      the immune system

Problem-Focused

• The main goal is to confront the problem directly. Coping efforts are directed toward the source of the stress

• For example, if the stress is job related, a person might try to change conditions at the job site

Emotion-Focused

• It is directed toward changing one's own emotional reaction to a stressor. It is useful for managing the impact of more uncontrollable stressors
• For example, a person might try to relax and forget about the problem or find comfort in the company of friends

- Conscious

preconscious

unconscious

Operates according to the pleausre principle (demands immediate gratification)

Engages in primary thinking

decision making component of personality

operates according to the reality principle

mediates between the id and super ego

consider social realities when deciding how to behave

moral component of personality

incorperates social standards about what respresents right and wrong