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| fertilized eggs. inside becomes embryo, which becomes fetus |
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| harmful agents admitted by placental screen |
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| mental molds in which we pour our experiences |
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| mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, communication |
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| birth-2 years. Focused on present. senses, object permanence, separation anxiety |
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| 2-6 years. language: symbolic system. Theory of mind: understanding others' thoughts and minds. words and images, no logical reasoning, pretend, language, egocentrism |
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| concrete operational stage |
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7-11 years. logical thinking, analogies, arithmetical, conservation, math sexual development |
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| 12-adult. abstract reasoning, abstract logic, mature reasoning |
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| before age 9, obey to avoid punishment or to gain reward |
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| adolescence, cares for others, upholds rules |
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| postconventional morality |
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| follows rights or personal ethics |
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| crystallized intelligence |
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| accumulated knowledge as reflected in vocabulary and analogies: increases up til old age |
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| ability to reason speedily and abstractly: decreases with age |
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| cultural prescription of right time to do things in life |
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| first psychological laboratory |
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| leipzig, germany: willhem wundt |
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| structure of the mind, introspection |
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| functionalist and pragmatist, full-bodied and warm hearted psychology |
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| science of behavior and mental processes |
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| study, asses, and treat trouble people |
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| medical drs who can prescribe treatments |
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| smart thinking, evaluating |
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| studying 1 individual in depth |
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| tendency to overestimate others' agreement with us |
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| statistical measure of relationship |
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| placebo effect/real drug in studies |
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| three measures of central tendency |
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1. mode: most frequently occurring 2. mean: arithmetic average, most commonly reported 3. median: in the middle |
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| when sample averages are reliable and the difference between them is relatively large |
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| parent and child working on a task, parent supports when needed, but lets child lead when able |
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| reveals brain hot spots during spiritual states |
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