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PSYCH Test 3 Cards
Definitions and concept recognition
22
Physiology
Undergraduate 1
10/25/2011

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Term
Memory
Definition
The persistence of learning over time through storage and retrieval of information.
Term
Iconic memory
Definition
A monumentary Sensory memory of visual stimuli' a photographic or picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second.
Term
Echoic Memory
Definition
A monumentary Sensory memory of auditory stimuli;; if attention is elsewhere , sounds and words can still be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds.
Term
Cognition
Definition
All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.
Term
Category Hierarchies
Definition
A few broad concepts divided and subdivided into narrower concepts and facts.
Term
Heuristics
Definition
A simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently; usually speedier but also more error prone than algorithms.
Term
Belief Perseverance
Definition
Clinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited.
Term
Catharsis
Definition
Emotional release. in psychology, the catharsis hypothesis maintains that releasing aggressive energy relieves aggressive urges.
Term
Health Psychology
Definition
a sub field of psychology that provides psychology's contribution to behavioral medicine.
Term
Stress
Definition
The process by which we perceive and respond to stressors.
Term
Type A Personality
Definition
Freidman and Rosenman's term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, angry people.
Term
Type b Personality
Definition
Friedman and Rosenman's term for easy going, relaxed people.
Term
Chunking
Definition
Organizing items into familiar, manageable units.
Term
Mnemonics
Definition
memory aids, especially those techniques that use imagery and organizational devices.
Term
Priming
Definition
the activation, often unconsciously, of particular associations in memory.
Term
Deja-Vu
Definition
the eerie sense that "I've experienced this before."
Term
Prototypes
Definition
a mental image or best example of a category.
Term
Confirmation Bias
Definition
A tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore contradictions.
Term
Functional Fixedness
Definition
the tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions.
Term
Insight
Definition
a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem.
Term
Psycho-physiological Illness
Definition
Literally 'mind-body' illness; any stress related physical illness such as hypertension and some headaches.
Term
Psychoneuroimmunology
Definition
the study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health.
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