Term
| What is the difference between mood and affect? |
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Definition
| Mood is the stated emotion the patient feels. Affect is the expression of that mood. |
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Term
| What are psychobiological interventions? |
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Definition
| Administering, providing information on and watching for adverse effects/effectiveness of medications. |
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Term
| What are the 3 cognitive and behavioral therapies? |
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Definition
Modeling
Operant conditioning
Systematic desensitization |
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Term
| What are the 4 items examenined using the Mini-Mental State Examination? |
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Definition
Orientation to time and place
Attention span, ability to calculate backwards by 7
Registration and recalling of objects
Language, including naming, following commands and writing. |
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Term
| What is involved in milieu therapy? |
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Definition
Orienting a client to the physical setting
Identifying rules and boundaries of the setting
Ensuring a safe environment
Assisting the client to participate in activities. |
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Term
| What does the DSM-5 offer? |
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Definition
Identifies diagnoses
Identifies diagnostic criteria to guide assessment
Identifies nursing diagnoses
Plan, implement and evaluate care. |
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Term
| Finish this line: Defense mechanisms are ____________, and can be ___________ or __________. |
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Definition
| Defense mechanisms are reversible and can be adaptive or maladaptive. |
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Term
| What two defense mechanisms are always healthy? |
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Definition
Altruisim (reaching out to others.)
Sublimation (Channeling the stress by substituting acceptable forms of expression, ie, going for a workout after anger and hostility from a supervisor) |
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Term
| What are the 5 intermediate defense mechanisms? |
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Definition
Repression ("forgetting" to make a dental appt.)
Reaction formation (overcompensating to prove the opposite behavior of what is felt.)
Displacement (Breaking a kids toy after a bad day at work)
Rationalization (Creating reasonable explanations for unreasonable behavior.)
Undoing (Performing an act to make up for prior behavior.) |
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Term
| What are the 4 immature defense mechanisms? |
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Definition
Projection (BLaming others for what you feel)
Dissociation (Blocking memories from conscious thought)
Splitting (Inability to reconcile negative and positive attributes of self or others.)
Denial (Pretending truth is not reality) |
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Term
| What are the main points in mild anxiety? |
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Definition
Part of every day living
Increases the ability to see reality
Anxiety cause is identifiable
Some fidgeting. |
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Term
| What are the main points of moderate anxiety? |
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Definition
Escalation of mild anxiety
Selective inattention
Learning and problem solving still available
^ HR and RR
Headaches, insomnia, backache, ^ persperation |
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Term
| What are the main points of severe anxiety? |
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Definition
Perceptual field greatly reduced
No learning or problem solving
Ineffective function
Tachycardia, loud rapid speech, aimless, hyperventilation, impending doom
Not able to take direction |
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Term
| What are the main points of panic level anxiety? |
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Definition
Disturbed behavior
May lose touch with reality
Extreme fright and horror
Immobility
SHakiness, speech dysfunction, delusions, inability to sleep. |
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Term
| What are 2 damaging stressors that cause distress? |
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Definition
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Term
| What word is typically goal directed with the intent of harming a erson or object? |
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Definition
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Term
| What feelings may angry or aggressive people possibly have underlying? |
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Definition
| Guilt, fear, rejection, inadequacy, insecurity |
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Term
| What conditions are often comorbid with anger? |
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Definition
| Depression, PTSD, Alzheimers, personality and psychotic disorders. |
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Term
| What is the action of the antipsychotics Zyprexa and Geodon? |
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Definition
| It is used to control aggressive and impulsive behaviors |
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Term
| What is the action of the antipsychotic agent Haldol? |
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Definition
| Used to control aggressive and impulsive behaviors. |
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Term
| WHy are zyprexa and geodon used more often than haldol? |
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Definition
| Fewer severe side effects than Haldol. |
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Term
| What must you monitor on a patient taking Haldol? |
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Definition
Keep the client hydrated
Test for muscle rigidity
Risk of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Check vitals |
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Term
| What other medication tpes can be used to prevent violent behavior? |
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Definition
Antiepressants (SSRI)
Lithium
Sedative/hypnotics (Benzodiazepines) |
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Term
| What does Roy define an adaptive response as? |
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Definition
| Behaviors that maintain the integrity of the individual. |
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Term
| Stress as a biological response means what? |
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Definition
| Changes to the biologic system. Fight or flight. |
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Term
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Definition
Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion |
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Term
| THe pituitary, stimulated by the hypothalamus triggers what responses? |
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Definition
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (^ Glucogenesis, lower immune and inflammatory response, increase sodium/water retention)
Vasopressin ( ^ BP and Fluid retention)
Growth hormone (Increase glucose/fatty acid)
Thyrotropic hormone (Increase BMR)
Gonadotropins (Increase sex hormones, then decrease) |
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Term
| What is stress as an environmental event? |
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Definition
| A change from the existing steady state of life pattern. (Recent live changes stress measurement) |
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Term
| What occurs in primary appraisal? |
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Definition
| We decide if an event is irrelevant, benign-positive, and stressful. |
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Term
| Stressful items in primary appraisal include sub-categories? |
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Definition
| Harm/loss (already experienced), threat (anticipated harms or losses), challenge (potential for gain or growth.) |
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Term
| When secondary appraisal happens, what 3 things does a person look at to try to resolve the stress? |
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Definition
1) Look at the availability of coping mechanisms.
2) Perceived effectiveness of the coping strat
3) Perceived ability to use the coping strat. |
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Term
| Building on the work pioneered by Dorothea Dix, what person became the first American psychiatric nurse? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 6 indicators Jahoda listed as a reflection of mental health? |
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Definition
1) Positive attitude to self
2) Growth, development and the ability to achieve self-actualization
3) Integration in life
4) Autonomy
5) Perception of reality
6) Environmental mastery (satisfaction in life) |
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Term
| Anger activates the sympathetic nervous system. What effect does this have on the body? |
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Definition
| Increase heart rate and bp, epinephrine secretion. Increase serum glucose, body is prepared to fight. |
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Term
| Some aggression may have a neurophysiological reason, what is this? |
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Definition
| Epilepsy of temporal and frontal lobe regions. |
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Term
| A patient has intractable aggression and the amygdaloid body is subsequently destroyed. What do you expect to see? |
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Definition
| Reduction in aggressive outbursts. |
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Term
| Biochemichal factors that can increase violent behavior have been linked to what hormonal dysfunctions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 5 stages of violence? |
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Definition
| Trigger -> Escalation -> Crisis -> Recovery -> post crisis |
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Term
| What areas of the brain are linked to anger? |
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Definition
| Frontal lobe, Amygdala, thalamus |
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Term
| What are the stressors and linked mental health illnesses for African Americans. |
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Definition
Poverty, teenage pregnancy, street violence.
PTSD, Depression, Schizophrenia, anxiety, ptsd. |
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Term
| What are 2 mental health illnesses common in Asian Americans? |
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Definition
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Term
| What mental health disorder was once linked to childhood only, but is now seen in Hispanics? |
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Definition
| Adjusment Disorder (For immigrants.) |
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Term
| Native Americans struggle with which mental disorders> |
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Definition
Identity, PTSD
Linked to alcoholism: Depression, suicide, Developmental disabilities. |
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Term
| African Americans more commonly present with which 5 mental health issues? |
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Definition
| Anxiety, PTSD, Substance abuse, depression, Schizophrenia. |
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Term
| What is the culture-bound syndrome of African Americans? |
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Definition
| Brain Fag: Difficulty concentrating, poor memory retention. |
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Term
| American Indians have which culture bound syndrome? |
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Definition
| Ghost Sickness, preoccupation with death and the deceased. |
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Term
| The two culture bound syndromes for Latin America are which? |
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Definition
Attack of the nerves - Shouting, crying, some aggression.
Susto - The soul leaves the body, resulting in the illness. |
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Term
| In Asia, Koro is a culture bound syndrome which includes what identifying features? |
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Definition
| Anxiety that the penis, vulva or nipples will go into the body, causing death. |
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Term
| Japan's culture bound syndrome includes anxiety and fear about offending others with bodily functions. What syndrome is this? |
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Definition
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