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Psych Exam II
N/A
77
Psychology
Graduate
07/13/2010

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Term
Anhedonia
Definition
The inability to experience pleasure
Term
Affect
Definition
The external manifestation of feeling or emotion which is manifested in facial expression, tone of voice, and body language.
Term
Bipolar Disorders
Definition
Mood disorders that include one or more manic episodes and usually one or more depressive episodes.
Term
Major Depressive Disorder
Definition
A common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, low energy, and poor concentration. These problems can become chronic or recurrent and lead to substantial impairments in an individual's ability to take care of his or her everyday responsibilities.
Term
Dysphoria
Definition
Feeling of depression or like everything is bad.
Term
Euphoria
Definition
feeling of happiness, confidence, or well-being sometimesexaggerated in pathological states as mania.
Term
Expansive Mood
Definition
Lack of restraint in expressing one's feelings, frequently with over-evaluation of one's significance or importance
Term
Flight of Ideas
Definition
A continuous flow of speech in which the person jumps rapidly from one topic to another.
Term
Hypomania
Definition
An elevated mood with symptoms less severe than those of mania in which a person does not experience impairment in reality testing, nor do the symptoms markedly impair the person's social, occupational, or interpersonal functions.
Term
Lability of Mood
Definition
Mood characterized by rapid shifts which may be as dramatic as laughing one minute and crying the next; unstable mood.
Term
Mania
Definition
An unstable elevated mood in which delusion, poor judgment, and other signs of impaired reality testing are evident. Patients have marked impairment of social, occupational, and interpersonal functioning.
Term
Mood
Definition
A pervasive and sustained emotion that, when extreme, can markedly color the way the individual perceives the world.
Term
Mood Disorder
Definition
A category of disorders characterized by disturbances of mood that range from elation to depression and interfere with normal functioning.
Term
Rapid Cycling
Definition
Experiencing four or more mood episodes in a 12-month period. 
Term
Unipolar Mood Disorder
Definition
Depression; a mood disorder characterized by extreme feelings on one side of the spectrum (dysphoria)
Term
Lethality
Definition
The relative deadliness of a chosen suicide method. 
Term
Parasuicide
Definition
Self-injury with clear intent to cause bodily harm or death. 
Term
Suicide
Definition
The ultimate act of self-destruction in which a person purposely ends his or her own life.
Term
Suicide Attempt
Definition
Any willful, self-inflicted, life-threatening attempt at suicide that did not lead to death.
Term
Suicide Ideation
Definition
Thoughts a person has regarding killing himself or herself.
Term
Assertive Community Treatment
Definition
An intensive type of case management developed in response to community-living needs of people with serious, persistent psychiatric symptoms and patterns of repeated hospitalization for services such as emergency room and inpatient care. 
Term
Decompensation
Definition
Deterioration of mental health and loss of control due to inability to compensate for mental illness due to stress. 
Term
Aggression
Definition
Any verbal or non-verbal (actual or attempted, conscious or unconscious) forceful means of harm or abuse of another person or object.
Term
Anger
Definition
An emotional response to the perception of frustration of desires or threat to one's needs. 
Term
Violence
Definition
An objectionable act that involves intentional use of force that results in, or has the potential to result in, injury to another person.
Term
Restraint
Definition
Any manual method or mechanical device, material, or equipment that inhibits free movement
Term
Seclusion
Definition
The last step in a process to maximize the safety of a patient and others, in which the patient is placed alone in a specially designed room for protection and close observation.
Term
Trauma-informed Care
Definition
An older, recently re-introduced concept of providing care based on the notion that disruptive psychiatric patients often have histories that include violence and victimization.
Term
De-escalation Techniques
Definition
Intentional techniques used for reduction of the intensity of a conflict
Term
Conflict
Definition
A disagreement between two or more people or groups.
Term
Group Norms
Definition
Expectations for behavior in the group that develop over time and provide structure for members
Term
Group Content
Definition
All that is said in a group
Term
Group Process
Definition
The interaction continually taking place among members of a group.
Term
Group Themes
Definition
Members' expressed ideas or feelings that recur and have a common thread.
Term
Group Work
Definition
A method whereby individuals with common purpose come together and benefit by both giving and receiving feedback within the dynamic and unique context of group life. 
Term
Self-help Groups
Definition
A group of people with similar problems or concerns who meet to receive peer support and encouragement and work together using their strengths to gain control over their lives. 
Term
Support Groups
Definition
A group that uses a variety of modalities to help people cope with overwhelming situations or alter unwanted behaviors during stressful periods. 
Term
Therapeutic Factors
Definition
Aspects of the group experience that leaders and members have identified as facilitating therapeutic change
Term
Beneficence
Definition
Action that is done for the benefit of others
Term
Autonomy
Definition
The quality or state of being self-governing
Term
Justice
Definition
Fairness or righteousness 
Term
Fidelity
Definition
Faithful devotion to duty
Term
Informed Consent
Definition
A legal term that indicates that a person has been provided with a basic understanding of risks, benefits, and alternatives and is receiving treatment voluntarily
Term
Competency
Definition
The capacity to understand the consequences of one's decisions
Term
Confidentiality
Definition
The ethical responsibility of a health care professional that prohibits the disclosure of privileged information without the patient's informed consent.
Term
Assault
Definition
An intentional threat designed to make the victim fearful; produces reasonable apprehension of harm.
Term
Battery
Definition
The harmful or offensive touching of another person.
Term
Intentional Tort
Definition
Willful and intentional acts that violate another person's rights or property
Term
Unintentional Tort
Definition
Unintended acts against another person that produces injury or harm
Term
Tardive Dyskinesia
Definition
A serious and irreversible side effect of the phenothiazines and related drugs; consists of involuntary tonic muscle spasms typically involving the tongue, fingers, toes, neck, trunk, or pelvis.
Term
Duty to Protect
Definition
Ethical and legal obligations of health care worker to protect patients from physically harming themselves or others
Term
Breach of Duty
Definition
Failure to satisfy ethical, legal, or moral obligations
Term
Standards of Care/Practice
Definition
Guidelines that determine what nurse should do.
Term
Negligence
Definition
An act, or failure to act, that breaches the duty of due care and results in or is responsible for another person's injuries.
Term
Akathesia
Definition
Regular rhythmic movements, usually of the lower limbs; constant pacing may also be seen; often noticed in people taking anti-psychotic medications.
Term
Associative Looseness
Definition
A disturbance of thinking in which ideas shift from one subject to another in an oblique or unrelated manner.
Term
Circumstantial Speech
Definition
A pattern of speech characterized by indirectness and delay before the person gets to the point or answers a question; the person gets caught up in countless details and explanations.
Term
Clang Associations
Definition
The meaningless rhyming of words, often in a forceful manner.
Term
Delusion
Definition
A false belief held to be true even with evidence to the contrary (for example, the false belief that one is being singled out for harm by others).
Term
Echolalia
Definition
Repeating of the last words spoken by another; mimicry or imitation of the speech of another person
Term
Echopraxia
Definition
Mimicry or imitation of the movements of another person.
Term
Hallucinations
Definition
A sense perception for which no external stimulus exists
Term
Ideas of Reference
Definition
The false impression that outside events have special meaning for oneself
Term
Illusions
Definition
An error in the perception of a sensory stimulus. 
Term
Magical Thinking
Definition
The belief that simply thinking something can make it happen; as seen in children and psychotic patients
Term
Neologisms
Definition
A word a person makes up that has meaning only for that person; often part of a delusional system
Term
Paranoia
Definition
A state characterized by the presence of intense and strongly defended irrational suspicions. These ideas cannot be corrected by experience and cannot be modified by facts or reality.
Term
Prodromal
Definition
A phase of schizophrenia in which subtle symptoms or deficits associated with schizophrenia are present; such symptoms may or may not herald the onset of schizophrenia
Term
Tangential Thinking
Definition
Thinking in which the person goes off topic.
Term
Thought Insertion
Definition
The delusion that thoughts are being put into one's mind by someone else.
Term
Waxy Flexibility
Definition
Excessive maintenance of posture; for example, after the arms or legs are placed in a certain position, the individual holds that same position for hours.
Term
Word Salad
Definition
A mixture of words meaningless to the listener and to the speaker as well.
Term
Bipolar II disorder
Definition
A form of bipolar disorder in which hypomanic episodes alternate with major depression
Term
Bipolar I Disorder
Definition
A form of bipolar disorder in which at least one episode of mania alternates with major depression.
Term
Alexithymia
Definition
Difficulty naming or describing emotions.
Term
Alogia
Definition

Poverty of thought

 

Term
Avolition
Definition
Loss of motivation
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