Term
| +1.00 correlation coefficient |
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Definition
| positive relationship to the variable (0 is no relationship) |
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Term
| -1.00 correlation coefficient |
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Definition
| negative relationship to the variable (0 is no relationship) |
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Term
| 3 aspects of epidemiology |
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Definition
| prevalence, incidence, risk factors |
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Term
| 4 characteristics to define mental d/o |
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Definition
| personal distress, disability, violation of social norms, dysfunction |
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Term
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Definition
| occipital, temporal, frontal, parietal |
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Term
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Definition
| dendrites, soma, axon, axon terminal |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| adler's individual psychology |
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Definition
| people are tied to society - doing things for social good makes one fulfilled - feeling & behaving better was depended on thinking more rationally |
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Term
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Definition
| substance that stimulates a particular neurotransmitter's receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| fear of having a panic attack in public - don't have to have panic d/o to have agoraphobia |
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Term
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Definition
| a substance that works on a neurotransmitter's receptors to dampen the activity of the neurotransmitter |
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Term
| are neurotransmitter & synapse electrical or chemical? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| carries messages to and from the internal organs and glands (ex-heart rate, digestion..) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| all diagnostic categories except personality d/os and mental retardation |
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Term
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Definition
| personality d/os and mental retardation |
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Term
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Definition
| general medical conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| psychosocial problems that may contribute to the d/o |
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Term
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Definition
| person's current level of adaptive functioning using the GAF and considers relationships, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| the thin fiber that transmits messages from the soma |
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Term
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Definition
| the branches of the axon that link up with the dendrties and somas of the other neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| study of the degree to which genes and environmental factors influence behavior |
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Term
| biological origins of mental d/o |
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Definition
| mental illness had nat. causes and should be treated like common cold - normal brain should have balance of blood, black bile, yellow bile, phlegm - imbalance produced d/o |
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Term
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Definition
| recording detailed info ab one person at a time |
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Term
| characteristic 1 of stigma |
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Definition
| a label is applied to a group that sets them apart from others |
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Term
| characteristic 2 of stigma |
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Definition
| the label given to the group is linked to undesirable attributes by society |
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Term
| characteristic 3 of stigma |
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Definition
| people with the label are seen diff. than people w/o the label |
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Term
| characteristic 4 of stigma |
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Definition
| people with the label are unfairly discriminated against |
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Term
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Definition
| whether a relationship b/w variables is large enough to matter |
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Term
| cognitive behavioral paradigm |
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Definition
| traces its roots to learning principles and to congnitive science - was criticized for not addressing thinking & feeling! |
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Term
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Definition
| the unconsious common to all human beings (basic catergories all humans use to conceptualize the world) |
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Term
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Definition
| repetitive behaviors that are repeated to reduce level of anxiety - even though they aren't necessary person feel that if they don't do actions something dire will happen |
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Term
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Definition
| lack control, sometimes questionable validity, no causal evidence |
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Term
| cons of correlational studies |
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Definition
| only tells us variables are related, not which caused which |
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Term
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Definition
| variable are measured as they exist in nature to see if variable x & variable y vary together |
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Term
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Definition
| causes & effects are measured at the same point in time |
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Term
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Definition
| roots that receive messages from other neurons |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| diathesis stress paradigm |
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Definition
| an integrative paradigm tat links genetic, neurobiological, psychological, & environmental factors |
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Term
| dif b/w acute stress d/o & ptsd |
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Definition
| acute stress d/o is b/w 2-30 days after an event, the 31 day on is considered to be ptsd |
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Term
| diff. b/w genotype & phenotype |
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Definition
| genotype is purely genetic makeup while the phenotype is observable behavioral characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
| started to provide confinement & care for mentally ill - one asylum was founded & tickets were sold to view the patients - bejamin rush worked with the patients and tried to scare them to losing their mental illness |
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Term
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Definition
| the mediatior b/w the id and the superego |
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Term
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Definition
| emphasized a person's ability to control environment & select time/means for satisfying basic drives - greater emphasis on current living conditions, not so much of looking at childhood - individual's social interactions can provide their own gratification |
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Term
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Definition
| extent to which results can be generalized beyond the study |
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Term
| freud's 3 structures of the mind |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the mind had 3 parts - id, ego, superego..freud also focused on childhood events to determine life |
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Term
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Definition
| (top front of brain) higher thought processes, moement, personality, reasoning, planning, inhibition (motor) |
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Term
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Definition
| persistent worry ab minor things - it is long lasting & excessive |
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Term
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Definition
| what is inherited - environment's role with genetics - |
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Term
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Definition
| percent that you will get what your parents have - or that your kids will get what you hafve - |
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Term
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Definition
| the extent to which variability in a particular behavior (or d/o) in a pop. can be acccounted for by genetic factors |
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Term
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Definition
| the doctrine that evil spirits can live in a person and control his or her mind - behavior outside of norm was attributed to supernatural - treatment was exorcism |
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Term
| how does a nerve impulse occur? |
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Definition
| when a message is received that makes the neuron fire then a nerve impules will occur - message travels down axon membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| expectations ab what should occur if theory is true |
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Term
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Definition
| pleasure seeker, like a small child |
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Term
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Definition
| the proportion of peeps who develop new cases of the d/o in some period, usually a year |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the extent to which an experimental effect can be attributed to the independent variable & not something else |
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Term
| is a nerve impulse electrical or chemical? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| began in england in 13th centry - to protect mentally ill - trials conducted under crown's right - orientation, memory, daily life were issues in the trial |
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Term
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Definition
| studes seek to find out what exactly is heritable by identifying particular genes and their funcitons |
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Term
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Definition
| this paradigm holds that mental d/os are linked to aberrant processes in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| erik erickson, anna freud, karen horney |
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Term
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Definition
| intrusive & recurrent thoughts |
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Term
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Definition
| (back of brain) primary visual area of cortex |
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Term
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Definition
| obsessive compulsive d/o - can have obsessions or compuslions or both & have ocd - their thoughts are persistant & intrusive |
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Term
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Definition
| recurrent panic attacks - & panic attacts mean people panic b/c of unrational fear - hard to catch breath - heart races - |
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Term
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Definition
| a conceptual framework or approach within which a scientist works |
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Term
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Definition
| quiets the body and returns it to lower level of arousal |
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Term
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Definition
| (top/back of brain) touch, temperature, pressure, somatic senstation |
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Term
| persecution of witches with early psychopathology |
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Definition
| inexpliciable & frightening stuff was blamed on people considered witches - buring them was supposed to drive out demon - hundreds of thousands of women & children died - mentally ill - but now it has been shown that more healthy people were killed than mentally ill people |
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Term
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Definition
| treated the upper class mentally ill in a humane way- removed the shackles of mentally ill - treated with dignity compassion & understanding - but poor mentallyill were kept in straight jackets.. |
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Term
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Definition
| improvement in psychological or physiologivcal condtion that is due to a patient's expectations of help rather than to any active ingredient in a treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| the proportion of peeps with the d/o either currently or in their lifetime |
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Term
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Definition
| novel cases, can be much more descriptive & depth, can be a great source for hypotheses |
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Term
| pros of correlational studies |
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Definition
| able to examine relationships when it is unethical to manipulate variables |
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Term
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Definition
| (from freud)- psychopathology resulted from unconscious conflicts in the individual |
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Term
| psychology is polygenic - what does that mean? |
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Definition
| has to do with many diff. genes |
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Term
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Definition
| extreme response to sever stressor - ex 911 |
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Term
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Definition
| degree of stability, consistency, predictability & accuracy of a measurement |
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Term
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Definition
| only people w/ above average risk are studied |
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Term
| role of the church in early psychopathology |
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Definition
| monks started to care for the mentally ill - they prayed for them, gave them potions, etc. - ended up going back to supernatural causes |
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Term
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Definition
| fear of social situations - being scrutinized or exposed to unfamiliar people |
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Term
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Definition
| cell body that also receives messages from other neurons, but it also sends messages of its own down the thin fiber |
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Term
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Definition
| carries messages to and from the sense organs and skeletal muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| unwarranted fear of a particular object that is out of proportion to any danger posed |
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Term
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Definition
| a statistically significant correlation is not likely to have occured by chance |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| emergency system, preapers body for "fight or flight" during times of dancer or high emotion |
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Term
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Definition
| (bottom of brain) auditory processing and language (hippocampus here) |
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Term
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Definition
| set of proportions meant to explain a class of observations |
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Term
| treament for acute stress d/o |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| exposure & response prevention (erp) expose to situation that calls for compulsions & refrain from doing compulsion -- |
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Term
| treatment for panic d/o & agoraphobia |
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Definition
| focus on identifying emotions & meanings that surround panic attacks - & face it |
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Term
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Definition
| exposure - systematic desensitization |
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Term
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Definition
| expose, confronting issue, helping them cope |
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Term
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Definition
| relaxation techniques, focus on present, try & find the bigger problem |
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Term
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Definition
| should produce info. useful to clinicians - (a test can be reliable btu not valid)- |
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Term
| what are major parts of limbic system? |
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Definition
| hypothalamus, parts of thalamus, amygdala, hippocampus.. |
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Term
| what is the diff. b/w nerve impulse & neurotransmitters & synapase? |
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Definition
| the nerve impulse is the message that is sent -- the synapse connects 2 neurons -- and the neurotransmitters are chemicals that alter neuron activity |
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Term
| what is the limbic system made of? |
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Definition
| made of hypothalamus, parts of thalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, and other structures |
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Term
| why is the limbic system important? |
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Definition
| plays major role in producing emotion & movtivated behavior (laughter, rage, fear, sexual response, & intense arousal) - 4 F'S |
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Term
| why was mesmer important? |
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Definition
| we got "mesmerized" from him- he learned to hypnotize people by touching them in diff places with his rod - studied hysteria so he touched afflicted places of the body with his rod - |
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