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| the study of how organisms change over time as the result of biological and environmental influences |
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| developmental period before birth |
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| prenatal stage of 0 to 2 weeks |
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| prenatal stage from 2 weeks to 2 months |
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| prenatal stage from 2 months to birth |
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| organ that develops between the embryo/fetus and the mother |
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| toxic substances that can damage the developing organism |
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| stage from birth to 1 month |
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stage from one month to 18 months
learn classical conditioning
attachment |
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Term
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Definition
| genetically programmed processes of growth and development over time |
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| psychologist that discovered attachment needs |
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Definition
studied rhesus monkeys
discovered contact comfort |
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Definition
| psychologist that studied cognitive development |
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| mental structures or programs that guide a developing child's thoughts |
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| mental process that modifies new info to fit into existing schemas |
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| mental process that restructures existing schemas so that new information is better understood |
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Definition
birth to age 2
reflexes
mental representations (faces)
object permanence |
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Term
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Definition
2 to 6 or 7
well developed mental representation and the use of language
egocentrism
animalistic thinking
centration |
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Definition
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Definition
| childlike thinking that all objects have life |
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| lack conservation (beaker test, bead demo) |
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7 to 11
understands conservation
no abstract thought |
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Definition
age 12 on
abstract thought |
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Term
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Definition
| an awareness that other people's behavior may be influenced by beliefs, desires, and emotions that differ from one's own |
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an individual's characteristic manner of behavior or reaction
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| psychologist that said inherited personality can be changed |
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| zone of proximal development |
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| the difference between what a child can do with help and what the child can do without any help or guidance |
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Definition
| the lifelong process of shaping an individual's behavioral patterns, values, standards, skills, attitudes and motives to conform to those regarded as desirable in a particular society |
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Definition
psychologist that criticized piaget about the interaction with parents
children will succeed with help from parents |
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Definition
| type of parents who are very strict and give no explanation when punishing |
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Definition
| type of parents that have high standards and punish but explain the punishment |
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| type of parents that don't punish. children usually get away with wrongdoings. no rules |
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| parents who are not there to be a part of the child's life |
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Term
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Definition
psychologist who was a neofreudian
developed the psychosocial stages |
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Term
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Definition
birth to 18 months
when children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care, and affection |
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Term
| autonomy vs. shame and doubt |
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Definition
age 2 to 3
children need to develop a sense of personal contol over physical skills and a sense of independence. may lead to failure |
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Term
| confidence/ industry vs. inferiority |
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Definition
6 to 11
children need to cope with new social and economic demands |
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Term
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Definition
3 to 5 years
children need to begin asserting control and power over the enviornment. leads to a sense of purpose |
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Term
| identity vs. role confusion |
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Definition
12 to 18
teens need to develop a sense of self |
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Term
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Definition
19 to 40
young adults need to form intimate, loving relationships |
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Term
| generativity vs. stagnation |
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Definition
40 to 65
adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them |
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Term
| ego integrity vs. despair |
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Definition
65 to death
need to look back on life and see a sense of fulfillment |
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Definition
| social rituals that mark the transition betwen developmental stages |
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| lobe that undergoes remodeling during the teen years |
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| dominant influence in a teens life |
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| discerning from right an wrong |
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| psychologist that created the stages of moral reasoning |
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morality inspired by piaget
personal gain or reward |
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Definition
morality that seeks social approval
laws, rules, policies |
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Term
| postconventional morality |
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Definition
| morality that involves your dignity, principles, law is interrupted |
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Term
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Definition
| erikson said that ______ should be the basis of adulthood |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to look back on life without regrets |
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