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Psych Chapter 1
midterm
19
Physiology
Undergraduate 1
10/07/2014

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Term
Psychodynamics
Definition
How behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts
Term
Behavioral
Definition
Psychology should be a science based on observable (and only observable) events, without the unconscious or conscious mind
Term
Biological
Definition
a branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior
Term
Evolutionary
Definition
How nature selects traits that promote the perpetuation of one’s genes
Term
Neuroscience
Definition
How the body and brain create emotions, memories, and sensory experiences
Term
Freud (1856-1939):
Definition
-Psychoanalysis; focus on unconscious
-Biological psychology
-Neuroscience approach
Term
Wundt (1832-1920):
Definition
1st psychology lab in Leipzig, Germany (1879); Structuralism; Inner sensations
Term
Watson (1878-1958):
Definition
Behaviorism (Pavlovian influence); S-R Psychology
Term
hindsight bias
Definition
tendency to believe after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it. "I knew it all along"
Term
illusory correlation
Definition
perception of a relationship where no one exists
Term
case study
Definition
observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principals
Term
naturalistic observation
Definition
observe and record behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation
Term
Correlation
Definition
A measure of the extent to which two factors vary together, and thus of how well either factor predicts the other.
Term
Correlation Coefficient
Definition
A statistical index of the relation between two things(from 1 to 1+)
Term
Experimental research
Definition
A research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors(Independent Variable) to observe the (dependent variable).
Term
independent variable
Definition
The factor in a formal experiment that is manipulated to measure the outcome of the manipulation
Term
Dependent Variable
Definition
the outcome of a formal experiment, measuring the effect of manipulating an independent variable
Term
Placebo effect
Definition
a 'fake' independent variable, measuring the accuracy of the independent variable being manipulated
Term
random assignment
Definition
Assigning participants to experimental and control groups by chance, thus minimizing, preexisting difference between the different groups.
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