Term
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Definition
| psychological qualities that contribute to an individual's enduring and distinctive patterns of feeling, thinking and behaving. |
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Term
| 5 requirements for evaluating personality theories |
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Definition
1. Observation that is scientific
2. Theory that is systematic
3. Theory that is testable
4. Theory that is comprehensive
5. Data-based theory can be practically applied. |
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Term
| all personality theorists must address the conceptual issues of... |
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Definition
philosophical view of the person
internal/external determinants of behavior
consistency across time
Experience/action and concept of self
States of Awareness
Past/Present influences
Type of Theory: parts or the whole? |
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Term
| Basic Approaches to personality |
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Definition
Psychodynamic
Phenomenological
Behavioral/Learning
Trait
Biological/Socioevolutionary
Cognitive |
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Term
| Key Ideas of Freud's Psychodynamic Viewpoint |
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Definition
1. Psychic determinism
2. Closed energy system
3. basic instincts- drives
4. Unconscious motivation
5. Internal structure
6. Psychic conflict
7. Defense mechanisms
8. Developmental stages |
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Term
| Freud's psychodynamic theory |
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Definition
our behavior isn't really i our control.
it is the unconscious motivating the conscious self. |
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Term
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Definition
| nothing happens by chance |
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Term
| Three levels of consciousness |
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Definition
unconscious
largest, but unaware
preconscious
available, but not currently
conscious
what we are aware of |
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Term
| Freud encouraged his patients to do this in his sessions... |
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Definition
free association
rambling- |
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Term
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Definition
translates body needs into drives
resevior of psychic energy
primitive, chaotic
illogical
inaccessible to consciousness
"wants!!"
primary process thinking |
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Term
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Definition
executive of personality
constrains id to reality
secondary process thinking
searches to fufil desires.
gets energy from id
must deal with the unrealistic wants of the id,and superego. it must be the balance |
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Term
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Definition
grows from the eg
internalizes morals and values
develops- age 5
keeps track of rewards
UNREALISTIC DEMANDS FOR PERFECTION
two parts:
1. conscience (guilt)
2. ego ideal (anxiety, inferiority) |
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Term
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Definition
conscious
preconscious
unconscious |
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Term
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Definition
the language of the unconscious
illogical, irrational |
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Term
| secondary process thinking |
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Definition
| language of consciousness, reality testing, logic |
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Term
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Definition
| in psychoanalytic theory, a painful emotional experience that signals or alerts the ego to danger |
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Term
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Definition
objective anxiety
neurotic anxiety
moral anxiety |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
id impulses
direct conflict between id and ego |
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Term
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Definition
conflict between ego and superego
ego must be the coper/mediator |
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Term
| how do we deal with anxiety???? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is freud's definition of mental health?? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
denial
repression
displacement
projection
isolation
identification
regression
reaction formation
rationalization
sublimation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
puts what is internal(unconscious) and unacceptable, ONTO others,
ie: a hostile person recognizing hostility in others |
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Term
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Definition
threatening
displaces an unacceptable impulse onto a non-threatening target
(hitting a wife, because boss sucks) |
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Term
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Definition
| stripping emotion from the threatening event |
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Term
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Definition
| kids who've been potty trained may forget how to, when the new baby is born |
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Term
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Definition
an individual defends against expression of an unacceptable impulse by only recognizing and expressing its opposite.
priest/sexual conduct
nice guy who goes on a killing rampage |
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Term
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Definition
| we recognize the action, but distort the underlying reason for acting |
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Term
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Definition
ability to put impulses to good use
aggressive impulses--> boxer, butcher, surgeon |
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Term
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Definition
| freud's regions of the body where instinctual drives tend to center |
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Term
| how do the forbidden impulses leak out?? |
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Definition
parapraxes
(forgetting, freudian slips)
(humor) |
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Term
| Freud's Psychosexual Stages of Development |
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Definition
Oral phase
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital |
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Term
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Definition
time: first 18 months
pleasure/tension: lips, tongue, mouth
theme: dependency
conflict: feeding- receiving/taking food
fixation: adult who is oral incrporative or oral sadistic |
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Term
| erikson's definition of mental health |
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Definition
successful navigation of stages
(agreed with Freud) |
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Term
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Definition
predetermined order,
each stage builds on the previous one
must go through stages IN ORDER |
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Term
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Definition
time: 18mo-3 yrs
pleasure/tension: anal sphincter
theme: control
conflict: toilet-training
fixation: adult who is anal expulsive/ anal retentive |
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Term
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Definition
time: 3-5yrs
pleasure: genitals
theme: what it means to be a boy/girl
conflict: Oedipal, identification of super-ego
boys- castration anxiety
girls-penis envy |
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Term
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Definition
from age 6 until puberty
lack of specific sexual conflicts
developmental breather |
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Term
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Definition
puberty- until later life
libido is focused on genitals
theme: creation, life enhancement
this stage is only reached after resolving previous conflicts |
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Term
| strong ______ replaces the destroyed Oedipus complex in males |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| penis envy
wants a penis, sexual desires for father, hostile towards mother
figures out that oeditpal desires are self defeating
identifies with mother
weak super ego replaces partially destroyed oedpis complex |
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Term
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Definition
| to make the unconscious conscious |
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Term
| techniques in psychoanalysis |
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Definition
free association
dream analysis
projective techniques |
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Term
source of psychic energy
(psychoanalysis- Freud) |
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Definition
| instincts (sex and aggression) |
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Term
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Definition
1)low anxiety-low defensiveness- true low anxious
2) high anxiety-low defensiveness(true high-anxious)
3)low anxiety- high defensiveness) repressors
4) high anxiety- high defensiveness(defensive high anxious) |
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Term
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Definition
collective unconscious
balance rather than conflict
broader view of libido |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
most comprehensive of all archetypes
unites other archetypes
reconciler of opposites
not ego, which only represents consciousness |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Jungian 4 functions of pscyhe |
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Definition
thinking
feeling
sensing
intuition |
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Term
| adler strived to overcome... |
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Definition
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Term
| if compensation fails for overcoming inferiorty than these complexes form: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1)societal
2) Occupational
3) Love and Marriage |
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Term
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Definition
| encourage greater emphasis on social interest |
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Term
| 1st erikson stage of psychosocial development |
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Definition
trust v mistrust
birth-18mo
gain: hope |
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Term
2nd psychosocial stage
18mo-3years |
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Definition
autonomy v shame and doubt
gain: will |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
6-12 years of age
gain: competency |
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Term
| ego identity v. role confusion |
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Definition
adolescence
gain: fidelity |
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Term
pscyhosocial stage
early adulthood |
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Definition
intimacy v. isolation
gain: love |
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Term
generativity v. stagnation
middle adultood |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
late adulthood
gain: wisdom |
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Term
phenomenological viewpoint
(rogers) |
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Definition
| our perception of reality is what matters |
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Term
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Definition
people are good
free will is important
self actualizationn
we want to improve ouselves
we trust our feelings |
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Term
requirements for therapeutic environment
(rogers) |
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Definition
psychological contact
client is incongruent
therapist is CONGRUENT-GENUINE
UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD
EMPATHY |
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Term
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Definition
Openness
Conscientiousness
Extrovert/Introvert
Agreeablness
Neorticism |
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Term
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Definition
| a unique pattern of traits which resides within individual and generates behavior |
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Term
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Definition
predicts drug behavior
welfare |
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Term
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Definition
| rogers' concept expressing an absence of conflict between perceived self and experience |
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