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data are used to test, falsify, and refine theories. |
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Basic-Applied Research Cycle |
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Basic is fundamental processes of behavior. Applied is putting Basic to use |
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From manuscript to journal article. Rejection, revision, or acceptance |
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Journal to Journalism Cycle |
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External validity, establishing causality, randomized experiments and ethics, comparison groups, longitudinal studies |
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How well was each variable measured |
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How strong is the association? Is it significant |
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How well does a study rule out other possible explanations for why one variable causes another variable. |
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Covariace, temporal precedence, internal validity (ruling out third variable) |
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Back of the class study. 6x more likely to fail. |
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Redid Weimann study and found no correlation |
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Focus on positive instances rather than negative ones |
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Availability heuristic, think of things that come easily to mind to guide our thinking |
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Cherry-picking the evidence |
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Pick evidence that supports your claim |
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Bridge between basic and applied research |
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Frequency (always measured)(external or construct validity), Association (correlation, measured)(construct, external or statistical validity) and Causation (manipulated) |
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treated/improved, treated/unimproved, untreated/improved, untreated/unimproved |
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a description of the empirical method stating that science is intended to explain a certain proportion (but not necessarily all) of the possible cases |
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Confirmatory Hypotheses Testing |
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Definition
asking biased questions to get a desired result |
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