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| endocrine disrupting chemicals |
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| An endocrine disruptor is a __ or __ chemical that either __ or __ hormones & disrupts body's normal functions. |
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Definition
An endocrine disruptor is a natural or synthetic chemical that either mimics or blocks hormones & disrupts body's normal functions.
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| 3 examples of endocrine disruptors |
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Definition
3 examples of endocrine disruptors - diethylstilbesterol (DES) - Pesticides (e.g. DDT, PCBs, dioxin) - BPA |
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Effects of EDCs include: - __ of females & __ of males - __ - __ and malformed ___ organs - __ mortality - skewed __ ratios - altered __ behavior - brain & ___ problems - ___ tissue cancers |
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Definition
Effects of EDCs include: - masculinization of females & feminization of males - deformities - abnormal and malformed reproductive organs - embryo mortality - skewed sex ratios - altered sex behavior - brain & neurological problems - reproductive tissue cancers
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DES is what type of estrogen? What is the story behind it? |
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DES is what type of estrogen? oral synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen What is the story behind it? Given to preggers from 1938-71 to decrease miscarriages & other complications but was later found out to cause breast cancer in the mothers. |
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Women exposed to DES in utero: - structural ___ abnormalities - increased __ rate - poor __ outcomes - clear cell ___ of the __ and ___ |
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Women exposed to DES in utero: - structural reproductive abnormalities - increased infertility rate - poor pregnancy outcomes - clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina and cervix
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Men exposed in uter to DES: - increased incidence of __ abnormalities - __ and __ abnormalities - possible increased risk of __ and __ cancer |
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Definition
Men exposed in uter to DES: - increased incidence of genital abnormalities - sperm and semen abnormalities - possible increased risk of prostate and testicular cancer
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Endocrine disruption in the wild: UK Fish near freshwater municipal sewage outlet - ___ of male fish: __ organs that produce fewer motile ___ - skewed __ level of ___ - less __ than normal males |
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Definition
Endocrine disruption in the wild: UK Fish near freshwater municipal sewage outlet - feminization of male fish: intersex organs that produce fewer motile sperm - skewed blood level of E - less fertile than normal males |
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Likely causes of the male UK fish incidents: |
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Definition
Likely causes of the male UK fish incidents: - alkylphenols (detergents and plastics) - natural and synthetic estrogens |
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Mosquitofish living downstream from papermill wastewater in the US resulted in: - ___ females that develop male ___ ___ and male __ __ BUT - have __ and give birth to __ __ like normal females suspected cause: |
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Definition
Mosquitofish living downstream from papermill wastewater in the US resulted in: - masculinized females that develop male genital organs and male courtship behaviors BUT - have ovaries and give birth to live babies like normal females suspected cause: plant sterols converted by bacteria to male androgens |
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Herring gulls - nest on islands and shores of some lakes - __ failure due to both __ toxicity and __ parental behavior - animals were nestling in __ - __ pairs - __ rates of __ deaths - offspring of those females had __ characteristics |
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Definition
Herring gulls - nest on islands and shores of some lakes - reproductive failure due to both embryo toxicity and abnormal parental behavior - animals were nestling in female-female pairs - increased rates of pre-hatchling deaths - offspring of those females had hermaphroditic characteristics
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