Term
| over half of all suicides are committed with... |
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Definition
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Term
| There is a strong link between suicide and this condition |
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Definition
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Term
| 90% of people who die of suicide have one of these two conditions |
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Definition
| an existing mental illness or substance abuse problems |
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Term
| highest suicide rate is for |
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Definition
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Term
| in the month prior to suicide 75% of victims have done this |
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Definition
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Term
| 7 risk factors for suicide |
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Definition
| prior attempt, FHX of metal/substance abuse, family violence, firearms in the home, incarceration, exposure to suicidal behavior |
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Term
| alterations in this are linked with suicides |
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Definition
| neurotransmitters such as serotonin |
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Term
| _____ attempt suicide more often, but _____ are more successful. |
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Definition
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Term
| men usually attempt suicide by |
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Definition
| more lethal means (hanging, asphyxiation, breathing vehicle exhaust gas, and firearms) |
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Term
| any sort of self harming behavior, whether or not the intent is to commit suicide. |
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Definition
| deliberate self harm (non-lethal drug OD, self-injury, etc) |
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Term
| warning signs of suicide (19) |
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Definition
(anything that would make you suspicious of depression)
ideation, substance abuse, purposelessness, anger, trapped, hopelessness, withdrawal, anxiety, recklessness, mood disturbance, talkign about suicide, look for ways to die, statements of hopelessness, preoccupation with death, suddenly happy/calm, loss of intesest in normal cares, visiting/calling close friends, making final arrangements, giving away prized possessions. |
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Term
| check for these 2 things in an assaultive/aggressive pt |
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Definition
| hx of head trauma/brain infection, and hx of domestic violence/sexual abuse. |
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Term
| 7 steps to approaching a violent pt |
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Definition
| observe for weapons, provide access to opened door, maintain social space, observe for clues to aggression, maintain calm demeanor, listen, do NOT argue/challenge/give orders |
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Term
| what is the essential feature in ALL dissociative disorders? |
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Definition
| disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. Can be sudden or gradual, transient or chronic. |
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Term
| inability to recall important personal information, usually of a truamatic or stressful nature, that is too extensive to be explained by normal forgetfulness. |
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Definition
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Term
| person fails to recall events that occurred during a particular time (early childhood truama recalled later in life) |
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Definition
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Term
| person can recall some but not all of the events pertinent to a particular time period (combat vet) |
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Definition
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Term
| failure to recall encompasses the person's entire life (usually present to ED or police station) |
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Definition
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Term
| inability to recall events subsequent to a specific time up to and including the present |
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Definition
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Term
| loss of memory of certain categories of information such as all memories relating to one's family or a particular family member |
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Definition
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Term
| sudden unexpected travel away from home or one's customary place of daily activities, with inabilty to recall some or all of one's past |
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Definition
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Term
| presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states - each with its own relatively enduring pattern of percieving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and self |
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Definition
| dissociative identity disorder |
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Term
| are children's imaginary playmates or other childhood fantasy play included in Dissociative Identity Disorder? |
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Definition
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Term
| associated physical findings with dissociative identity disorders (5) |
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Definition
| self inflicted injuries or signs of physical abuse, migraines or other HA, IBS, asthma, dissociative disorders |
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Term
| In dissociative identity disorder who tends to have more identies males or females? |
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Definition
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Term
| In dissociative identity disorder which personality has the more complete memory? |
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Definition
| the more hostile, controlling, "protector" identities |
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Term
| transitions among identities can happen in seconds and are usually marked by (4) |
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Definition
| rapid blinking, facial changes, changes in voice or demeanor, disruption in the individual's train of though |
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Term
| "out of body experience" during "death" or excessive G-Force with pilot training |
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Definition
| depersonalization disorder |
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Term
| persistent or recurrent experiences of feeling detached from, and as if one is an outside observer of one's mental process or body |
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Definition
| depersonalization disorder |
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Term
| what remains intact during the depersonalization experience |
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Definition
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Term
| disorders with dissociative symptoms that do not meet criteria for any specific dissociative disorder (5 examples given) |
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Definition
| dissociative disorder not otherwise specified. Can include brain washing, thought reform, indoctrination while captive, derealization not accompanied by depersonalization, and dissociatve trance disorder |
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Term
| feeling that the external world is strange or unreal |
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Definition
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Term
| symptoms that may accompany depersonaliation disorder (3) |
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Definition
| derealization, alteration in size/shape of objects, people may seem unfamiliar or mechanical |
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Term
| both delirium and dementia affect... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| attention, consciousness, language, speech, memory, orientation in space |
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Term
| historical red flags (11) |
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Definition
| progressively declining level of consciousness/neuro exam, pupillary asymmetry, seizures, repeated vomiting, double vision, worsening HA, can't recognize people/places, behaves unusually, slurred speech, unsteady on feet, weakness/numbness in arms/legs |
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Term
| score of less than ___ on MMSE requiers further evaluation |
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Definition
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Term
| can't remember emotionally charged events but can remember objective facts and events |
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Definition
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Term
| can't remember objective facts |
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Definition
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Term
| loss of memory for events immediately prior to the disorder |
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Definition
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Term
| demented pt has problems with _____ memory but ____ memory remains intact |
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Definition
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Term
| what may be the first or only manifestation of (new) medical or neurological process |
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Definition
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Term
| gradual/insidious onset, progressive, affects memory, language, visual-spatial skills, and praxis. Visual or auditory hallucinations, often fixed paranoid delusions. not usually reversible. |
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Definition
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Term
| acute, rapid onset, fluctuating course, deficits = attention, memory, level of consciousness, and orientation. hallucinations = visual. delusions = persecutory but fleeting and fragmented. usually reversible |
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Definition
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Term
| progressive decline in memory, a decrease in the patient's ability to perform activities of daily living, psychiatric problems, personality changes and problem behaviors. |
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Definition
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Term
| arise from a disorder affecting the cerebral cortex, the outer layers of the brain that play a critical role in thinking abilities like memory and language. |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 forms of cortical dementias |
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Definition
| Alzheimer's and Creutzfeldt-Jakob |
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Term
| 2 symptoms of cortical dementias |
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Definition
| severe memory loss and aphasia |
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Term
| result from dysfunction in the parts of the brain that are beneath the cortex. |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 examples of subcortical dementias |
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Definition
| Parkinson's, Huntington's, AIDS dementia |
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Term
| symptoms of subcortical dementias |
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Definition
| changes in their speed of thinking and ability to initiate activities |
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Term
| non-treatable causes of dementia (5) |
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Definition
| Alzheimer's, Vascular Dementia, Dementias associated with Parkinson's, AIDS dementia, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease |
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Term
| 3 microscopic changes characteristic of Alzheimer's |
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Definition
| Nuerofibrillary tangles, Cortical atrophy, and B-Amyloid Plaques |
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Term
| what genotype is implicated in the genetic transmission of Alzheimer's |
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Definition
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Term
| gradual forgetfulness, speech halting, disorientation to time then place, decline in mobility, behavior, temperament, and conduct, symptoms progress over 7-15 years. |
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Definition
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Term
| late manifestations of Alzheimer's include... |
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Definition
| psychiatric symptoms, loss of social graces, seizures, EPS rigidity and bradykinesias, grasping and sucking reflexes, myoclonus, incontinence, spasticity, and hemiparesis |
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Term
| Diagnostic studies for Alzheimer's |
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Definition
| no labs, use MRI or CT, EEG, PET scan, and neuropsychiatric testing |
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Term
| tx for mild to moderate Alzheimer's |
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Definition
| reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine), also antipsychotics, antidepressants, and anxiolytics |
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Term
| treatment for more severe Alzheimer's |
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Definition
| memantine (neuroprotective), can be used alone or added to a cholinesterase inhibitor |
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Term
| Alternative therapies for Alzheimer's Dementia |
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Definition
| Vitamin E, Gingko Biloba (not advocated at present) |
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Term
| the absence or loss of social, moral, or intellectual vitality or vigor (pt stops eating and drinking) |
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Definition
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Term
| memory impairment and one or more of the following (aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, or disturbances in executive functioning) |
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Definition
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Term
| early onset Alzheimer's is less than how old? |
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Definition
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Term
| itracytoplasmic inclusions in cortex and brainstem (no tangles or plaques) |
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Definition
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Term
| disease marked by parkinsonian features, dementia, and a frequent tendency to episodic delirium |
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Definition
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Term
| what should be avoided in Lewy Body Dementia? |
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Definition
| antipsychotics (pts are more sensitive to these drugs) |
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Term
| treatment for Parkinsonian features |
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Definition
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Term
| code Gnereal Medical Condition associated with dementia on what axis? |
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Definition
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Term
| transmissible, slowly progressive, degenerative, and fatal disease affecting the central nervous system of adult cattle.... |
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Definition
| Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (Mad Cow Disease) |
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Term
| early sxs = withdrawal, anxiety, depression, and insomnia. Later sxs = unsteady movement, slurred speech, and numbness |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| yes, usually within 13 months |
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Term
| several smaller infarcts may cause very mild symptoms in a step-wise progression until one tips the pt "over the edge" |
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Definition
| Vascular (Multi-Infarct) Dementia |
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Term
| sxs = difficulty with organization and solving complex problems, slowed thinking, distraction, and difficulty retrieving words from memory |
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Definition
| vascular (multi-infarct) dementia |
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Term
| incidence of vascular dementia rises in conjuction with these disorders (6) |
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Definition
| hypertension, cardiac disease, diabetes, smoking, alcoholism, and hyperlipidemia |
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Term
| treatment of vascular dementia |
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Definition
| manage HTN and other CV risk factors. Calcium Channel Blockers, Consider anti-platelet drugs, regular exercise and healthy diet. Cholinesterase inhibitors, glutamate receptor agonist |
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Term
| substance induceed persisting dementia can be associated with these substances (6) |
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Definition
| alcohol, inhalant, sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic or unknown |
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Term
| pdeudodementia is also known as this |
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Definition
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Term
| depression is most commonly mistaken for |
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Definition
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Term
| pt appears "normal" but confused |
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Definition
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Term
| pt is aware of their deficits |
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Definition
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Term
| pt can appear sleepy, disoriented, and inattentive |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| genetic disorders, environmental factors, social environments, brain injuries |
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Term
| if the parents of a child have ADHD, the child has up to a ____% chance of developing the disorder |
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Definition
|
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Term
| persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that is more frequently displayed and is more severe than is typically observed in individuals at comparable levels of development. |
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Definition
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