a set of rprocedures used to investigate how orgnaisms learn about the signaling properties of events. 

involves learning relations between events- conditioned and unconditioned stimuli- that occur outside one's control

these stimuli lead to automatic response

ex- food is one- you automatically respond to it without thinking

the response you get automatically without thinking

food is the unconditioned stimuli and the salvation is the unconditioned response

responding to something that would not typically give you this response

normally you wouldn't salivate when you heard foot steps, but since you got food every time you heard footsteps now you salivate when you hear footsteps

the stimuli that started the conditioned response

ex- the footsteps heard when walking in as you start to salivate

a procedure in which an established conditioned stimuli is used to condition a second neutral stimulus

ex- 1) you show a metronome that triggers food and makes the dog salivate

2) you show a black board that stimulates the metronome and makes the dog salivate because before the metronome triggered food

3) you show just the black board and it will make the dog salivate

responding to a new stimulus in a way simlar to the response produced by an established conditioned response

ex- a bell tone creates the response of salivation

if you hear another deeper bell tone it'll create salivation, even though the dog has never heard that "exact" sound

responding differently to a new stimulus than how one responds to an established conditioned response

ex- a boy who had a traumatic experience with bunnys crys when he sees something white and fluffy, but not when he sees a block of wood

presenting a conditioned stimulus repeatedly, after conditioning, without the unconditional stimulus, resulting in a loss of responding

ex- a dog drools when he hears the bell, but if you repeatedly play the bell and don't give him food afterwards he'll stop drooling

learning that an event signals the absence of the unconditioned stimulus

ex- 1) a dog is conditioned to expect food when he hears the bell

2) if a light is paired with the bell and whenever the light and bell go together no food is given, the dog learns that with the presence of light no food will be given

the recovery of and extinguished conditioned response after a period of nonexposure to the conditioned stimulus

ex- just reappears don't really know why

a procedure for studying how organisms learn about the sonsequences to their own voluntary actions

it's our OWN ACTIONS

ex- if you study for longer and then do better on a test

if a response in a particular situation is followed by a satisfying consequence, it will be strengthened. if a response in a particular situation is followed by an unsatisfying consequence, it will be weakened

the stimulus situation that sets the occasion for a response to be followed by reinforcement or punishment

ex- you know that if you ask questions in psyc you're rewarded, but if you ask questions in chem it's frowned upon by the teacher

the discriminative stimulus is being in class (because it's what sets up the oppurtunity for you to be rewarded or punished)

response consequence that increase the likelihood of responding in a similar way again

an event that when removed after a response increases the likelihood of that response occurring again

ex- you hang up the phone on someone who's criticizing you unfairly 

rules governing how sounds should be combined to make words in a language

the rules used to communicate meaning

creating "meaning" 

ex- colorless green ideas sleep furiously

has correct syntax but no meaning

the smallest units in a language that carry meaning

small words such as un, cool, hip

uncool has 2 morphemes

the smallest significant sound units in speech

the level in a category heierarchy that provides the most useful and predicitive info: the basic level usually resides at an intermediate level in category hierarchy

ex- a furry feline0 you call it a cat

a rat reacting to a red light to the bar

but not reacting when seeing a green light

giving a quarter to make bed

the quarter is?

the next time the teen does well on assignment

parents reduce chores

example of

every time child cried parent picked them up and child stopped crying

example up

taking a pill and it gets rid of heartburn 

example of

recieiving an electric shock when fixing doorbell

now reluctant to house work

shock is an exampl of what?

cat getting hit with newspaper when jumping on couch

now stopped jumping

newspaper hit is example of?

gambler losing 4000 now doesn't gamble

the 4000 is an example of

if you wanted your friend to not talk about her boyfriend as much

you could frown when she talked about him

this is an example of? 

oar --> soar 

the phonemes?

it is not wise to threaten someone with a gun 

can be interpreted in at least 2 very different ways

this sentence has (blank) surface strucutre and (blank) deep structure

1 surface

2 deep