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PSYC 300a II-a
Psychology Statistical Analysis
31
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
06/17/2012

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Term
Beta
Definition
The probability of a Type II error
Term
Alpha
Definition
The probability of Type 1 Error
Term
non-directional tests
Definition
A test that rejects extreme outcomes in either tail of the distribution
Term
normal distribution
Definition
A specific distribution having a characteristic bell shaped
form
Term
null hypothesis
Definition
The statistical hypothesis tested by the statistical procedure;
usually a hypothesis of no difference or no relationship
Term
one-tailed tests
Definition
A test that rejects extreme outcomes in one specified tail of the distribution.
Term
P value
Definition
The probability that a particular result would occur by chance if Hknot is true; the exact probability of a type I error.
Term
Parameters
Definition
Numerical values summarizing population data
Term
Sample
Definition
Set of actual observations; subset of the population
Term
Random Sample
Definition
A sample in which each member of the population has an equal chance of inclusion
Term
Sample Distribution
Definition
The distribution of a statistic over repeated sampling from a
specified population
Term
Sampling Error
Definition
Variability of a statistic from sample to sample due to chance
Term
Subjective Probability
Definition
Definition of probability in terms of personal subjective belief in the likelihood of an outcome
Term
Two-tailed tests
Definition
A test that rejects extreme outcomes in either tail of the distribution
Term
Type I Error
Definition
The error of rejecting H knot when it is true
Term
Type II Error
Definition
The error of not rejective Hknot when it is false
Term
Z-score
Definition
Number of standard deviations above or below the mean
Term
Population
Definition
Complete set of events in which you are interested
Term
Standard Error
Definition
Variability of a statistic from sample to sample due to chance
Term
Inferential Analysis
Definition
A systematic procedure for determining whether the results of an experiment provide support for a particular theory or practical innovation.
Term
Random Assignment Model of HT
Definition
No assumptions are made about relating the outcome back the population.
Term
Random Sampling Model of HT
Definition
Derived from idea that the sample is representative of a larger population
Term
Population Distribution
Definition
Defined by the researcher in terms of behavior to be examined and represents the random behavior of any group in the absence of any treatment having been imposed on the members of the population.
Term
Sample
Definition
Assumed to be representative of the Population, therefore PRIOR to imposing experimental procedure, also reflects random behavior.
Term
H0: X = u
Definition
Will not differ from the population (Symbols)
Term
H1: X = u
Definition
Will differ from the population; non-directional (Symbols)
Term
H1: X < u
Definition
Directional (Symbol)
Term
p(obs) > p(a)
Definition
FAIL TO REJECT THE NULL; SUSPEND JUDGEMENT
Term
What does it mean when you fail to reject the null?
Definition
Nothing systematic is happening in data;
Term
p(obs) < p(a)
Definition
REJECT NULL
Term
What does it mean when you reject the null?
Definition
Something in the data represents a systematic change
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