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| A pattern of enduring, distincive thougs, emotions, and behaviors that characterize the way an individual adapts to the world |
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| Psychodynamic Perspectives |
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| Theoretical views emphasizing that personality is primarily unconscious(beyond awareness) |
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| The part of the person that Freud called the "it," consisting of unconscious drives; the individual's reservior of sexual energy |
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| The Freudian structure of personality that deals with the demands of reality |
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| The Freudian structure of personality that serves as the harsh internal judge of our behavior; what we often conscience |
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| Tactics the ego uses to reduce anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality |
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| According to Freud, a boy's intense desire to replace his father and enjoy the affections of his mother |
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| Jung's term for the impersonal, deepest layer of the unconcious mind, shared by all human beings because of their common ancestral past |
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| Jung's term for emotionally laden ideas and images in the collective unconscious that have rich and symbolic meaning for all people |
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| Adler's view that people are motivated by purposes and goals and that perfection, not pleasure, is thus the key motivatior in human life |
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| Theoretical views stressing a person's capacity for personal growth and positive human qualities |
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| Unconditional Positive Regard |
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| Roger's construct referring to the individual's need to be accepted, valued, and treated positively regardless of his or her behavior |
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| The standards that the individual must live up to in order to receive positive regard from others |
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| Theoretical views stressing that personality consits of broad, enduring dispositions that tend to lead to characteristic responses |
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| The five broad traits that are thought to describe the main dimensions of personality: neuroticism( emotinal instanbility), estraversion, openness to experiment, agreeableness, and conscientiousness |
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| The five broad traits that are thought to describe the main dimensions of personality: neuroticism( emotinal instanbility), estraversion, openness to experiment, agreeableness, and conscientiousness |
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| Personlogical and Life Story Perspectives |
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| Theoretical views stressing that the way to understand the person is to focus on his or her life history and life story |
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| Social Cognitive Perspecitives |
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| Theoretical views emphasizing conscious awareness, beliefs, expectations, and goals |
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| The belief that one can master a situation and produce positive change |
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| Cognitive Affective Processing Systems |
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| Mischel's theoretical model for describing that our thoughts and emotions about ourselves and the world affect our behavior and become linked in ways that matter to behavior |
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| The study of the inherited underpinning of behavioral characteristics |
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| Also called an objective test or an inventory, a method of measuring personality characterisics that directly asks people whether specific items describe their personality |
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| A type of self report test that presents many questionnaire items to two groups that are known to be different in some central way |
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| Minnesota Multiphasic Personlity Inventory |
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| The most widely used and researched empirically keyed self report personality test |
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| The extent to which a test item appears to be good fit to the characteristics it measures |
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| A personality assessment test that presents individuals with an ambiguous stimulus and asks them to describe it or tell a story about it-to project their own menaning onto the stimulus |
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| A famous projective test that uses an individual's perception of ink blots to determine his or her personality |
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| Thematic Apperception Test |
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| A projective test that is designed to elicit stories that reveal something about an individual's personality |
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| A cluster of characteristics-such as being excessively competitive, hard-driven, impatient, and hostile-related to the incidence of heart disease |
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| A cluster of characteristics-such as being relaxed and easygoing-related to good health |
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| A person's assessment of his or her own level of positive affect relative to negative affect, and individual's evaluation of his or her life in general |
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