Term
|
Definition
-Problem producing speech
-Characterized by:
“telegraphic” (non-fluent) & effortful speech; ex. “Chrysanthemum” becomes “Chrysa...mum...mum”
Relatively good comprehension
Poor repetition
-Usually centered anteriorly (left frontal); not necessarily associated with Broca’s area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Problem perceiving speech
-Characterized by:
Fluent, paraphasic speech
Severe comprehension disorder
Poor repetition
-Usually centered posteriorly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Less common, less studied
-Transcortical Motor
Dysfluent
Relatively good comprehension and repetition
Premotor regions
-Transcortical Sensory
Fluent, paraphasic speech
Poor comprehension
Good repetition
Sepramarginal and angular gyrus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| - inability to properly describe something, particularly expressively. Ability to speak correctly and comprehend still exist, however, recalling is impaired |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| perception, production (Secondary auditory cortex, inferior frontal regions, especially LH) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| translation of writing system into language |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the rules that constrain word sequences in a sentence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pitch and rhythm of voice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| violation of semantics (Ex. “I sing mints”) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| violation of grammar (Ex. “He sleep lots”) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| no naming or expressive definitions of an object |
|
|
Term
| How are hemispheres connected? |
|
Definition
| Connected through the corpus callosum. Connection can be homotopic (opposite hemisphere, same area), heterotopic (opp hemisphere, different area), or ipsalateral (same side) |
|
|
Term
| dominant hemisphere with language |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tests of global and local processing with left hemisphere and right hemisphere |
|
Definition
| If you made a giant “F” out of smaller letter “T’s” the LH would be more concerned about seeing the T’s (detail) vs the RH which would focus on the F (holistic or global). This is also why the RH is better for facial processing, a global process. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| made-up words”, e.g. funout |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Communication with same side of hemisphere in different area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| opposite hemispheric communication to different area of brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| opposite hemisphere communication with same area of hemisphere |
|
|
Term
| dominant hemisphere for visuospatial processing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hemisphere associated with details of an object(eg. seeing the F's within a larger T) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hemisphere associated with the bigger picture of an object( eg. seeing the whole T made by many smaller F's) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| difference between italian and english language |
|
Definition
| English is more associated with whole word processing whereas italian is associated more with letter to letter processing |
|
|
Term
| cortex associated with working memory maintenance and selection for task switching |
|
Definition
| Lateral prefrontal cortex |
|
|
Term
| area associated with error monitoring and conflict detection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in a split brain patient, the RH can recreate a block pattern with the left hand, but not the LH and right hand. The RH is better at recreating visual designs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anger, happiness, surprise, disgust, sadness, fear |
|
|
Term
| Damage to A in the WGL model leads to... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Damage to M in the WGL model leads to... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| smallest parts of speech that contains meaning such "p" and "b" for the words pat and bat |
|
|
Term
| Navon Heirarchical figure |
|
Definition
| many F's making up a larger letter T |
|
|
Term
| symptoms of damage to prefrontal lobe |
|
Definition
Unilateral: forgetfulness, slight change in behavior and inflexibility in behavior
Bilateral: severe loss of goal oriented behavior |
|
|
Term
| monitoring within the anterior cingulate |
|
Definition
| ensure goals are being achieved and corrections made when errors occur |
|
|
Term
| function of basal ganglia in cognitive control |
|
Definition
| implement change in cognitive set |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| physiological response to fear such as sweaty palms |
|
|
Term
| Ventral medial prefrontral cortex function |
|
Definition
| using emotional and social information to make decisions |
|
|
Term
| dorsolateral prefrontal cortex function |
|
Definition
| down-regulating inappropriate emotional and social information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Characterized by:
Poor repetition
Relatively correct speech
“Snowball” → “Snowall”
Mild comprehension
-Usually left temporal-parietal cortex and white matter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| repeat or prolong an action, thought, or utterance after the stimulus that prompted it has ceased |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Maintain and select representations of internally-based information. Goals based on personal desires, social history, emotional consequences. |
|
|
Term
| Lateral PFC – “Cold cognition” |
|
Definition
| Maintain and select representations of knowledge of environmental context relevant to current goals. |
|
|
