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was the founder of psychology,
known for making the connection between psychology and physiology,
he defined psychology as the study of consciousness. |
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| one of wundt's students, but developed his own idea which he called structuralism, structuralism was the belief that even our most complex conscious experiences could be broken down into elemental structures, of sensations and feelings through introspection. |
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| James was a teacher at harvard university in the 1800s, he was known for his idea of functionalism, which stressed the importance of how (Darwinian influence) behavior functions to allow people and animals to adapt to their environments. |
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| first african american to receive a phd in psychology |
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| one of titchener's stdents and was the first woman to receive an official PhD in psychology |
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| She completed the requirements for a phD but was unable to receive on because she was a woman. |
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| What are the 4 goals of psychology and why? |
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describe--- so that I can understand
explain--- so other's can understand
predict --- to prepare for or prevent
control --- change or deal |
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| Influence of philosophy on psychology |
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Many of the philosophers talked about psychology related things; for example, Aristotle wrote about sleep, dreams, senses, memory... however, the problem with philosophy alone is that it is limited to Nature vs. Nurture
Interactive dualism discovered by Rene Descartes |
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| is environment, situation in which a person is brought up. |
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| Major perspectives in psychology |
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Positive psychology
cognitive
humanistic
behavioral
biological
psycho dynamic
cross cultural
evolutionary |
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are nerve cells, cells specialized to the nervous system which could include the central nervous system (brain) as well as the autonomic nervous system. Neurons aren't just specialized to the brain region but encompass the entirety of the nervous system. there are several different types of neurons:
-motor neurons (communicate information from the central nervous system to the muscles)
-sensory neurons (communicate info from the environment to the central nervous system)
-interneuron (communicate info from one neuron to another) |
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| the part of the neuron that receives chemical messages from other neurons |
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| the part of the neuron that is the control center; it decides whether to send a signal or message out through the axon |
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| the axon carries an electrical signal from the nucleus to the axon terminal |
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| sends out chemical messengers out to other neurons received at the dendrites. |
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| is a fatty tissue that surrounds the axon that conducts electricity from the nucleus to the axon terminals |
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gaba
dopamine
serotonin
endorphines
acetyl-choline
norepinephrine |
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specialized cells that support the brain;
astrocyte (connects to blood vessels and carries nutrients from brain)
microglia (gets rid of damaged cells)
oligodendrocytes (repair creates new cells) |
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frontal lobe (controls, executive, personality)
temporal lobe (auditory, balance)
occipital lobe (visual memory and info)
parietal lobe (somatic sensations) |
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executive
controls right side of body
focuses on details
speech
rational thinking
logic
verbal memory
math
language (speech and written) |
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controls left side
hippie
sees the big pictures
facial recognition
rhythm music sing
creative
imagination
abstract
understands deeper meanings |
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| sympathetic autonomic nervous system |
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fight or flight
reaction to a threat
puts your body into a stressed state
pupils dilate
mouth goes dry
sweaty palms heart rate goes up
breathing becomes rapid and shallow
digestion is inhibited |
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| parasympathetic autonomic nervous system |
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back to normal
pupils contracted
stops sweating
deep breathes
heart rate goes back to normal |
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| is a type of glial cell found in the central nervous system that provides a supportive role to the neurons also helps maintain chemical concentrations, also plays an important role in the blood brain barrier, which involve filtering chemicals from passing into the brain. |
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