Term
| What does it mean to be altruistic? |
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Definition
| to have no concern for your own well being. The goal is to help someone else regardless of what the consequence is for you. |
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Term
| describe the evolutionary perspective with regards to altruism. |
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Definition
| it is costly to be altruistic. No costly behaviour would allow you to survive. So we only help those who matter, such as kin. Therefor, pro social behaviour is really egotistical motivation. |
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Term
| Describe the historical view on universal egoism |
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Definition
| everyone (economics, poli sic, greek philophsers) think you put yourself before EVERYONE. even children and lovers. |
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Term
| which major incident led to increased research in non-helpful and helpful behaviour? |
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Definition
| brutal murder of kitty genovese. (38 witness, no one helps of calls police) . |
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Term
| Was the kitty genovese murder an isolated incident? |
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Definition
| no. these sorts of things happen all the time. |
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Term
| what is one of the main hypothesis as to why people don't help in situations like the kitty genovese murder? |
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Definition
| people undergo sequential questioning before helping |
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Term
| briefly list the three sequential questions someone goest through before helping. |
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Definition
1. What is the problem
2. Is it my responsibility?
3. What can I do? |
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Term
| which form of ignorance is often applied to the "what's the problem?" question of sequential questioning before helping? |
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Definition
| pluralistic ignorance. you are aware of the correct norm (ie running out of a smoking room), but you assume everyone else thinks something different (we are safe). you go with how everyone else is acting. |
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Term
| Differentiate when people will or won't answer yes to "is it my responsibility?" for the sequential questioning before helping. |
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Definition
| If only person in area, will help. If think responsibility in someone elses hands or there's other people around, then won't feel responsible, so won't help. |
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Term
| When will people more likely answer yes to "what can I do?" for sequential questioning before helping? |
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Definition
| If they have a sense of competence in the area they are helping in. (ie swimming or CPR) |
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Term
| From a psychological perspective, what are the three fundamental forms of egoistic prosocial behaviour? |
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Definition
1. gaining rewards
2. avoiding punishment
3. reducing aversive arousal |
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Term
| kinship selection fits under which of the three fundamental forms of egoistic prosocial behaviour according to the psychological view? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe decision rules in helping behaviour |
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Definition
in everyday situations, we help the very, young, very old, sick and poor.
In life or death, we pick those that are wealthy, healthy and at peek stage of reproduction. |
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Term
| decision rules in helping behaviour falls under which of the three fundamental forms of egoistic prosocial behaviour according to psychological view? |
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Definition
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Term
| reciprocity credit falls under which of the three fundamental forms of egoistic prosocial behaviour according to the psychological view? |
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Definition
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Term
| differentiate between mood maintenance and mood enhancement for positive mood. |
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Definition
| mood maintenance is empathic joy where as mood enhancement is relief of a negative state. |
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Term
| which of the three fundamental forms of egoistic prosocial behaviour does positive mood fit under? |
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Definition
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Term
| Advocates of altruism suggest what about self-benefits? |
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Definition
| that they are unintended consequences of reaching the ultimate goal of benefitting the other person. |
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Term
| under what condition is motivation altruistic and not egoistic? |
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Definition
| when you feel empathy. When you can put yourself in someone else's shoes and see from their perspective . |
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Term
| what is empathy altruism hypothesis? |
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Definition
| feeling empathy for a person in need, which leads to altruistic motivation to relieve that need. |
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Term
| what did the test analyzing aversive arousal reduction compared to empathy-altruism hypothesis find? |
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Definition
| even under easy escape, those who were in emphasizing condition were more likely to help. Even when they have option to leave they choose to help instead. |
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Term
| what were the three most helpful countries? |
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Definition
brazil
costa risca
malawi <- one of the poorest in the world |
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Term
| are collectivistic countries the most helpful? |
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Definition
| no. they help members of their in group, but not strangers. |
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Term
| what two things are helpfulness of a country based on? |
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Definition
sympatico (spanish concept)
GNP (gross national product)
- the richer the country, the less helpful they are |
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Term
| what is the worlds least helpful country? |
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Definition
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