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"founder of psychology" made fist formal research lab in germany |
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established America's fist formal psych lab, est APA |
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believed in structuralism:
psych should analyze consciouness into its basic elements and investigate how they are related |
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wrote principles of pysch
believed in functionalism:
psych should investigate the function of purpose of consciousness |
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used psychoanalysis, promotes psycholanalytic theory |
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| attempts to explain personality, motivation and mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinents of behavior |
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| contains thought, memories and desires well beyond the surface of conscious awareness but still exert great influence on behavior |
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| Watson (quote) and Skinner (book) |
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| believed in behaviorism "give me a baby and i can turn it into anything", Beyond Freedom and Dignity |
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| psych should only stufy observed behavior, abandons study of consciousness (stimulus -response psych) |
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| emphasizes the unique qualities of humans, esp freedon and potential for personal growth, humans are governed by their sense of self: we are free, rational |
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| concerned with everyday practical probs of psych |
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| concerned with diagnosis and treatment of mental problems |
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| the mental prcess involved in aquiring knowledge |
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| psych should study internal mental processes to understand behavior |
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| much of human/animal behavior can be explained in terms of bodily structures and biochemical processes that allow the organism to behave |
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| tendency to view one's own group as superior |
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| exaines behavioral processes in therms of their adaptive value for a memeber of a species over generations |
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| focuses on postive, adaptive, creative anf fulfilling aspects of human existence. |
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| careful, systematic self-observation of one's conscious experience |
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| study, question, read, recite, repeat |
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| steps in scientific method (5) |
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1. formulate a testable hypothesis
2. select the research method and design the study
3. collect the data
4. analyze the data and draw conclusions
5. report findings |
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| any variable other than the independent varibale that seem likely to influence the dependent variable (ex/ 9/11 affecting a study) |
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| when 2 variables are linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their specific effects. solution: random group assignments |
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| descriptive/ correlational research methods |
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| when the researcher cant manipulate the variables, cannot for sure say cause and effect |
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research method where researcher engages in careful observation of behavior without intervening directly with sujects |
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| used to organize and summarize data |
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| how much the scores in a set of data differ from each other and from the mean |
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| an index of the amount of variability in a set of data |
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| a numerical index of the degree of relationship between two variables (scale is -1 to 1) |
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| used to interpret data and draw conclusions |
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| when the probability that the observed findings are due to chance is ver low |
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| the repetition of a study to see if earlier results are duplicated |
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| when a sample isnt representational of the population it is drawn from |
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| a tendency to respond to questions in a particular way that is unrelated to the content of the questions |
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when neither experimenter or subjects know which subjects are in the control or experimental groups |
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