• Persistent eating of nunnutritive susbstances for a paid of at least 1 month
• The eating behavior is not part of a culturally sanctioned practice
• Usually treated as an anxiety d/o 

General Medical Conditions

Psychosocial & Environmental Problmes

• negative life event, am environmental difficulty or defiency, a familiar or other interpersonal stress, an inadequacy of social support or personal resources
• Ex: probelms w/ primary support group, related to the social environment, educational problems, occupational problems, housing problems, economic..

Global Assessment of functioning (GAF)

• The clinician's judgement of the individual's overall level of functioning.
• Useful in planing treatment & measuring its impact & in prediction outcome

Mental Retardation

• Coded in Axis II
• IQ of 70 or below
• Onset before age 18
• Low functioning in at least 2 areas

Cut off scores to diagnose

Mental Retardation

• Mild: 50-75-70/ low end jobs,"educable"
• Moderate: 35-40-50-55/ poor relationships "trainable"
• Severe: 20-25-35-40/ constant assistance
• Profound: 20-25-below/ 

Major differences between

Aspergers & Autism

1. ADHD Combined Type
2. ADHD Pre-dominately Inattentive Type
3. ADHD Pre-dominately Hyperactive Type
4. ADHD Impulsice Type

• Some symptoms mush have been present before age 7
• 2 or more settings
• Clear evidence of imparment across 2 settings

Encopresis & Enuresis

Why are they red flags for the therapists?

• repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places whether involunatry or intentional (both)
• At least 4 years of age

• Repeated voiding of urine into bed or clothes (whether voluntary or intentional)
• At least age 5
• Nocturnal, Diurnal, or Both 

• Repetitive & persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rigths of others are... violated. 3 or more criteria met:

1. Aggression to people or animals 
2. Destruction of property 
3. Deceitfulness or theft
4. Serious violations of rules  

• CD Childhood-Onset Type: onset of at least one criterion of CD before age 10
• CD Adolescent_Onset Type: absence of any criteria characteristic of CD after age 10
• CD Unspecified Onset: Age is known 

A pattern of negativistic, hostile, & defiant behavior lasting at least 6 months, during which four criteria are met:

1. often losses temper
2. often argues with adults
3. often actively defies or refuses to comply with adult's requests or rules

• CD: more severe, found in more in males
• ODD: mild, found more in females 

• Depression & cutting/mostly females/sex & drugs
• Aggressive & violent/mostly males/violence & drugs

1. Fire setting
2. Bed wetting
3. Animal torture

• Rare
• Only found in females
• assoc. with severe mental d/o
• brain abnormalities & genetic mutation
• life expectancy to age 40 (reduced)

They are given to the judges

Custody issues

general treatment purposes

• IQ
• Academic records
• legal issues
• clinical d/o
• clinical interview (background info)
• familiy history
• alcohol & mental history

• Familiy interviews 
• CPS reports
• Basically ANYTHING in print

• Before age 5
• caused by screwed un parents
• attach to random strangers

African-American

• they score lower than white people
• belived to be racially biased towards them

females

• Mild: Educable
• Moderate:trainable 
• Severe: constant assistance
• Profound: