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PSY 101 Chapter 4
PSY 101 Chapter 4
43
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
02/11/2009

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Term
Sensation
Definition
Detection of physical enegy by sense organs which then send information to the brain
Term
Perception
Definition
The brain's interpretation of raw sensory inputs.
Term
Sense Receptor
Definition
Specialized cell responsible for converting stimuli into neutral activity for a specific sensory system.
Term
Transduction
Definition
The process of converting an external energy or substance into neural activity
Term
Transduction
Definition
The process of converting an external energy or substance into neural activity
Term
Absolute Threshold
Definition
Lowest Level of stimulus needed for the nervous system to detect a change 50 % of the time
Term
Just Noticeable Difference (JND)
Definition
The smallest change in intensity of a stimulus that we can detect.
Term
Perceptual Controversy
Definition
The process by which we perceive stimuli consistently across varied conditions
Term
Selective Attention
Definition
The process of selecting one sensory channel and ignoring or minimizing others
Term
Extrasensory Perception (ESP)
Definition
Perception of events outside the known channels of sensation
Term
Brightness
Definition
The intensity of reflected light that reaches our eyes
Term
Hue
Definition
Color of light
Term
Cornea
Definition
The part of the eye containing transparent cells that focues light on the retina.
Term
Lens
Definition
part of the eye that changes curvature to keep images in focus
Term
Accommodation
Definition
Changing the shape of the lens to focus on objects near or far
Term
Accommodation
Definition
Changing the shape of the lens to focus on objects near or far
Term
Accommodation
Definition
Changing the shape of the lens to focus on objects near or far
Term
Retina
Definition
Membrane at the back of the eye responsible for converting light into neural activity
Term
Fovea
Definition
central portion of the retina
Term
Acuity
Definition
Sharpness of vision
Term
Rods
Definition
receptor cells in the retina allowing us to see in low levels of light.
Term
Cones
Definition
Receptor cells in the retina allowing us to see in color
Term
Blind Spot
Definition
part of the visual field we cant see because of an absence of rods and cones.
Term
Trichromatic Theory
Definition
idea that color vision is based on our sensitivity to three different colors
Term
Color Blindness
Definition
Inability to see some or all colors
Term
Depth Perception
Definition
Ability to judge distance, and 3D relations
Term
Monocular Depth Cues
Definition
Stimuli that enable us to judge depth using only one eye.
Term
Binocular Depth Cues
Definition
Stimuli that enable us to judge depth cues using both eyes.
Term
Audition
Definition
Our sense of hearing
Term
Timbre
Definition
The complexity of a sound that makes other sounds unique.
Term
Cochlea
Definition
Bony, Spiral shaped sense organ used for hearing.
Term
Organ of Corti
Definition
Tissue containing the hair cells necessary for hearing
Term
Basilar Membrane
Definition
Membrane supporting the organ of Corti and the hair cells in the cochlea.
Term
Olfaction
Definition
Our sense of smell
Term
Gustation
Definition
Our sense of taste
Term
Taste Buds
Definition
Sense receptors in tongue that respond to sweet, salty, bitter, sour and umami.
Term
Pheromones
Definition
Odorless Chemicals that serve as social signals to members of ones species.
Term
Somatosensory
Definition
our sense of touch, temperature, and pain
Term
Propriception
Definition
Our sense of body position
Term
Vestibular Sense
Definition
Our sense of equilibrium or balance
Term
Phantom Pain
Definition
Pain or discomfort felt by an amputated limb.
Term
Semicircular Canals
Definition
Three fluid-filled canals in our inner ear that are responsible for our sense of balance.
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