Term
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Definition
| permanent change in an organisms behavior due to experience. |
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Term
| Aristotle beliefs reitterated by Locke |
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Definition
We learn by association
learning to associate on stimulus with the other |
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Term
| classical conditioning founded by? |
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Definition
| Ivan Pavlov, pavlovs dogs salivating |
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Term
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Definition
- stimulus that automatically and naturally triggers a response
- unlearned response due to the presence of the UCS
- originally neutral stimulus that gains association with the UCS to trigger a CR
- learned response to a previously neutral conditioned stimulus
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Term
extinction? how does it fade?
Spontaneous recovery
stimulus discrimination? |
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Definition
the losing of the association between UCS and the CS. Done by not pairing the CS with CR.
after a perios of rest, the CS still produces a CR
-the ability to differentiate between a CS and a neutral stimulus |
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Term
| operant vs. Classical conditioning |
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Definition
classical - forms associations between stimulus and response
operant - forms associations between behaviors and the resulting events |
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Term
edward Thorndike year? invented the?
law of effect? |
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Definition
1930 invented the puzzle box "Mr. Learning"
behavior that is rewarded is more likely to happen again |
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Term
| B.F. Skinner contribution? |
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Definition
| 1900's - skinner box to study law of effect |
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Term
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Definition
| reinforcers used to guide behavior towards target behavior |
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Term
| Primary vs. conditioned reinforcer? |
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Definition
- unlearned positive stimulus like food or drink
- a learned reinforcer that gets its power through its association with the primary reinforcer
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Term
| continuous or partial reinforcement |
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Definition
cont. - reinforcement after every behavior
partial - reinforcement after only sometimes |
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Term
fixed ratio
variable ratio
fixed interval
variable interval |
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Definition
- reinforces the behavior after a fixed number of responses, or unknown number of responses
- reinforces response after a fixed amount of time, or after a random amount of time
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Term
| Skinners legacy. What did he argue? |
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Definition
- argued that behaviors were shaped by external influences instead of inner thoughts and feelings
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Term
| Anterograde vs. retrograde amnesia |
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Definition
A - unable to form new memories
R - unable to retrieve old memories |
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Term
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Definition
- sensory
- short term
- long term
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Term
| how does info get transfered from STM to LTM? |
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Definition
rehearsal - from STM to LTM
retrieval - from LTM to STM |
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Term
| what causes anterograde amnesia? |
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Definition
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Term
| explicit vs. implicit memory |
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Definition
explicit - aware, LTM - know the source of the memory
implicit - unaware, LTM - unaware of source, based on familiarity |
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Term
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Definition
- implicit memory - priming "knowing how"
- procedural - motor skills, conditioning
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Term
| 2 types of explicit memory? |
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Definition
- semantic - no emotion, cold cognition
- episodic - vivid context
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Term
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Definition
| abstract knowledge structures about particular objects or events |
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Term
elaborate rehearsal
maintainance rehearsal |
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Definition
E - moves through levels leads to deeper processing which helps LTM
M - Stays at one level and does not help LTM |
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Term
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Definition
| envision of familiar path |
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Term
awake
stage 1
stage 2
stage 3
stage 4
REM |
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Definition
- theta
- theta and delta
- 20-50 delta
- >50 delta
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Term
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Definition
| houses biological clock that determines physiological patterns in our body based on daily rhythyms |
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Term
| REM discovered by? when? what happens during this? |
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Definition
| Kleitman and Aserinskyin 1953. when awoken people report dreaming |
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Term
| representative vs. availability heuristic? |
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Definition
- R - to judge the likelihood of things in terms of how well they resemble different prototypes
- A - when we base our judgements on how mentally available they are.
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual function |
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Term
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Definition
| a tendency to search for information that confirms ones preconceptions |
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Term
framing effect?
belief perserverance? |
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Definition
- F - they way we present an issue can change how it is viewed.
- B - the tendency for us to cling to our beliefs in the face of contrary evidence
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Term
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Definition
| the thought that the chances an event will occur will increase if it hasnt happened recently |
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Term
| Proactive vs. retroactive Interference? |
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Definition
Pro - Old stuff interferes with new
REtro - new stuff interferes with old |
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