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Definition
| periodic physiological fluctuations in the body |
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| annual or seasonal cycles |
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| migration of birds, the hibernation of bears, and seasonal fluctuations of humans eating habits |
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Definition
| female menstrual cycle which averages 28 days |
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| sleep/wake cycle and temperature changes in body |
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| daily behavioral cycle or physiological cycle such as sleep/wake cycle. part of 24 hour cycle |
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| small structure in brain that synchronizes its own rhythm with the daily cycle of light and dark based on input from the retina |
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Definition
| adrenal glands release large doses of the hormone ________ to help you wake up |
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| lost sleep results in lost memories |
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| 5 distinct stages of sleep and 2 stages of wakefulness |
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_______ ______ reflect wakefulness
-highest in frequency and lowest in amplitude
-also desynchronous which means doesnt form very consistent patterns |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ ____ are relaxed but still awake, brain slows down, increase amplitude and more sychronous (regular) |
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Definition
light sleep lasting up to 10 minutes
-characterized by theta waves which are even slower in frequency and greater in amplitude than alpha waves.
- difference between being relaxed and stage 1 sleep is gradual |
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Term
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Definition
deeper sleep characterized by occasional sleep spindles (brief high frequency waves) lasting up to 20 minutes
-stage 1 and 2 are light stages of sleep and if person is awaken they often report not being a sleep at all
-theta waves |
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Term
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Definition
progressively more muscle relaxation and emergence of delta waves (slower) lasts up to 40 minutes
-referred to as delta sleep
-delta waves occuring less than 50% of time |
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Definition
deep sleep when sleeper is difficult to arouse; delta waves- large, slow brain waves occur
-delta waves occur more than 50% of time
-when awaken sleeper is confused and disorientated |
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Term
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Definition
-stage 1 and 2 theta waves
-stage 3 and 4 delta waves
-beta waves high frequency
-alpha waves low frequency |
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Term
| REM sleep (rapid eye movement) |
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Definition
-stage 5 of sleeping
-dreaming occurs
-last for about 10 minutes in first sleep cycle of night and up to 1 hour in last cycle |
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-formal term for sleepwalking
-occurs in stage 3 and 4 early in night |
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Definition
-frightening dream that awakens a dreamer from REM sleep
-common in young kids
-associated with life stressors |
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Definition
-characterized by sudden arousal of sleep and intense fear.
-less common
-occur during slow wave non REM sleep |
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Definition
-overpowering urge to sleep
-ppl often sleep while talking or standing |
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Term
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Definition
| sleep disorder in which individuals stop breathing because windpipe fails to open or because brain processes involved in respiration fail to work |
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Term
| cognitive theory of dreaming |
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Definition
| theory of dreaming proposing that dreaming can be understood by applying the same cognitive concepts that are used in studying the waking mind |
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Definition
| symbolize unconscious wishes and by analyzing symbols we could discover our hidden desires |
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Term
| activation synthesis theory |
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Definition
| theory stating that dreaming occurs when the cerebral cortex synthesizes neural signals generated from activity in the lower part of the brain |
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Definition
| altered state of consciousness or simply a psychological state of altered attention and expectation in which the individual is unusually receptive to suggestions |
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Term
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Definition
Four steps to hyponsis
-distractions are minimized
-hypnotist tells person to concentrate on something specific
-hypnotist tells person what to expect
-hypnotist suggest certain events of feelings he or she will occur or observe |
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Term
| social cognitive behavior view of hypnosis |
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Definition
| perspective that views hypnosis as a normal state in which the hypnotized person behaves the way he or she believes a hypnotized person should behave |
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Term
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Definition
| ten percent or fewer cannot be hypnotized |
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Term
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Definition
substances that act on the nervous system to alter system to alter conscious, modify perceptions and change moods
-reduce tension, relieve boredom and fatigue, relieve ppl from real world |
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Term
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Definition
| need to take increasing amounts of a drug to produce the same effect |
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Definition
| physiological need for a drug, accompanied by unpleasant withdrawal symptons such as pain and craving, when the drug is discontinued |
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Definition
| strong desire to repeat the use of a drug for emotional reasons such as feeling of well being and stress reduction |
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Term
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Definition
| either a physical or psychological dependence or both on a drug |
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Definition
-psychoactive drugs that slow down mental and physical activity
-alcohol, barbiturates, tranquilizers, and opiates |
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Definition
-acts on body primarily as depressant and slows down brains activities
-"loosen up"
-extreme intoxication may cause coma or death
- |
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| disorder that involves long term, repeated, uncontrolled, compulsive, and excessive use of alcoholic beverages and impairs drinkers health and relationships |
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Term
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Definition
-Nembutal and Seconal
-depressant drug that decrease in CNS activity
-sleep aids |
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Term
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Definition
-Valium and Xanax
-depressant drug that reduces anxiety and induce relaxation |
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Term
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Definition
-consist of opium
-morphine and heroin
-affects endorphins in brain
-highly addictive |
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Term
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Definition
-psychoactive drug that increase the CNS activity
-caffine, nicotine, amphetimines, cocaine |
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Definition
-overlooked, is worlds most widely used drug
-in tea, coffee, cola drinks |
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Term
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Definition
| -main psychoactive ingredient in tobacco |
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Definition
-"pep pills" or "uppers"
-stimulant that boost energy, stay awake or lose weight
-release dopamine
-meth |
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Term
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Definition
-drug from south and central america
-most addictive substances known |
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Definition
-volatile substances that are intentionally breathed in to produce psychoactive effects
-huffing |
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Definition
-psychoactive drug that modify a person's perceptual experiences and produce visual images that arent real
-marijuana, lsd, mdma |
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Definition
-dried plant
-smoked
-we all know the effects |
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Definition
-dried plant
-smoked
-we all know the effects |
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Definition
-illegal synthetic drug with both stimulant and hallucinogenic properties
-ecstasy |
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Term
| lsd (lysergic acid diethylamide) |
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Definition
-hallucinogen that even in low doses produces striking perceptual changes
-objects change shape and glow |
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Definition
| technique practiced by yoga ethusiasts and buddists |
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Definition
| overwhelming feeling of wellness right before you fall asleep, sense that everything is going to work out |
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