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Definition
A cell characterized by membranebounded
organelles, most notably the nucleus,
and one that possesses chromosomes whose
DNA is associated with proteins; an organism
composed of such cells.
(Animal Cell) |
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Term
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Definition
A bacterium; a cell lacking a
membrane-bounded nucleus or membranebounded
organelles.
(plant cell) |
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Term
| How does the size of the average eukaryotic cell compare with the size of the average prokaryotic cell? |
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Definition
| Eukaryotic cells are, on average, about 10 times larger than prokaryotic cells. |
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Definition
| Excavata includes only protozoal organisms and is characterized as a "protist supergroup". They are characterized by having a feeding groove on one side, and include Diplomonads[image], Parabasalids[image], and Euglenozoans. |
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Definition
| A second Excavata subgroup, the parabasalids, also exhibits semi-functional mitochondria. In parabasalids, these structures function anaerobically and are called hydrogenosomes because they produce hydrogen gas as a byproduct. Parabasalids move with flagella and membrane rippling. |
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Definition
| s a parasitic protozoan that causes diarrhea and intestinal discomfort in humans. People contract the parabasalid from drinking contaminated water. |
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Definition
Kingdom: Parabasalid
Phylum: Sarcomastigophora
Class: Zoomastigophora
Order: Diplomonadida
Family: Gexanutadae
Genus: Giardia
Species: intestinalis |
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Term
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Definition
Kingdom: Parabasalid
Phylum: Metamonada
Class: Parabasilia
Order: Trichomonadida
Genus: Trichomonas
Species: vaginalis |
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Term
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Definition
a parabasalid that causes a sexually-transmitted disease in humans, employs these mechanisms to transit through the male and female urogenital tracts.
men rarely exhibit symptoms during an infection with this protist, infected women may become more susceptible to secondary infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and may be more likely to develop cervical cancer. |
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Term
| Giardia intestinalis belongs to which of the following taxa? |
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Definition
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Term
| Many species of trichomonas can invade tissues and cause disease in animals. That means these organisms are: |
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Definition
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| Trichomonas organisms belong to which of the following taxa? |
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Definition
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Term
| Diplomonads lack mitochondria, but have flagella and two nuclei. That means this group of organisms is classified as: |
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Term
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Definition
Euglenoids live in aquatic habitats, and have contractile vacuoles for osmoregulation[image]. They have one long flagellum, and a shorter flagellum that are involved in motility.
Approximately 1/3 of Euglenid genera have chloroplasts and can obtain their energy through photosynthesis. These chloroplast-containing Euglenids can become heterotropic in the absence of light. Those euglenids lacking chloroplasts are heterotrophic rather than autotrophic. |
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Definition
| are parasitic kinetoplastids that cause trypanosomiasis |
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Term
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Definition
Phylum: Sarcomastigophora
Class: Zoomastigophora
Order: Kinetoplastid
Family: Trypanosomatidae
Genus: Trypanosoma |
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Term
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Definition
Kingdom: Euglenid
Phylum: Euglenophycota
Class: Euglenophyceae
Order: Euglenales
Family: Euglenceae
Genus: Euglena
Species: gracilis
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Term
| Trypanosomes are a parasitic group of organisms that belong to which clade? |
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Definition
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Definition
They have both mitochondria and chloroplasts. Because they possess chloroplasts, when they were discovered there was some debate about their classification. Some species of Euglena lack chloroplasts, and are heterotrophic.
Euglena have two flagella. You should be able to see the longer flagellum under high power magnification. You will not be able to detect the second flagellum that is confined in the reservoir. |
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Term
| Which of the following structures enables many protists to survive in hypotonic environments? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the mechanism of motility of Euglena? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Kingdom: Dinoflagellate
Phylum: Chromista
Class: Dinophyceae
Order: Gonyaulacales
Family: Ceratiaceae
Genus: Ceratium |
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Term
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Definition
Kingdom: Dinoflagellate
Phylum: Chromista
Class: Dinophyceae
Order: Gonyaulacales
Family: Gonyaulacaceae
Genus: Gonyaulax |
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Term
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Definition
Kingdom: Dinoflagellate
Phylum: Chromista
Class: Dinophyceae
Order: Noctilucales
Family: Noctilucaceae
Genus: Noctiluca |
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Term
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Definition
Kingdom: Dinoflagellate
Phylum: Chromista
Class: Dinophyceae
Order: Ptychodiscales
Family: Ptychodiscaceae
Genus: Ptychodiscus |
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Term
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Definition
| Alveolates include dinoflagellates, apicomplexans, and ciliates. All alveolates have a layer of flattened vesicles (alveoli) beneath their plasma membranes. |
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Definition
are generally characterized as being photosynthetic, unicellular organisms with two flagella. Their habitats include both marine and freshwater environments. They often feature plates composed of a cellulose-like material encrusted in silica. |
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Definition
Diliates are organisms that are covered in cilia, which serve as a means of locomotion for the organism. Ciliates are heterotrophic, unicellular organisms organisms. Ciliates have an outer pellicle[image]. They also have vacuoles, including food vacuoles that are a result of food intake, and contractile vacuoles for regulating water balance. Ciliates live inhypotonic[image] environments.
they have contractile vacuoles that collect the water moving in and periodically contract to expel the water outside the organism. In that manner, the contractile vacuoles are a mechanism of osmoregulation in ciliates, they lack cell walls |
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Term
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Definition
Kingdom: Ciliate
Phylum: Ciliophora
Class: Ciliatea
Order: Hymenostomatida
Family: Parameciidae
Genus: Paramecium
Species: caudatum |
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Term
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Definition
It reproduces through sexual reproduction in the form of conjugation. For conjugation to take place, Paramecia of two different mating types must meet. Meiosis takes place in the micronuclei producing several haploid micronuclei. Only one micronucleus from each partner is donated to the other cell.
Paramecia typically live in pond water (a hypotonic environment). They use contractile vacuoles to expel excess water that has entered the cell and to maintain their osmotic balance. |
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Term
| Paramecia belong to which taxonomic group? |
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Definition
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Term
| Paramecium can reproduce sexually through a process known as |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the mechanism of motility of paramecia? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| are parasitic organisms, and specific to animals. They form spores. One end of the cells of apicomplexans have a network of cytoskeletal elements, vacuoles, and other cellular organelles. This unique structure is called an apical complex. The features of the apical complex enable these parasites to invade their hosts. |
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Definition
| most well-known apicomplexan. It has received a great deal of attention because it causes malaria. |
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Definition
Plasmodium falciparum interspersed among red blood cells in a blood smear
Clade: Alveolata
Kingdom: Apicomplexa
Class: Aconoidasida
Family: Haemosporida
Genus: Plasmodium
Species: falciparum |
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Term
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Definition
| group of organisms, all of which are parasites of annelids, arthropods, and mollusks. These apicomplexan organisms attach to the intestinal epithelium |
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Definition
| infections can be contracted by drinking contaminated water, swimming in contaminated water, eating raw foods that are contaminated, or coming into close contact with infected people and/or animals. Symptoms of infection include diarrhea, loss of appetite, stomach pain, fever, nause, and vomiting. |
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Term
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Definition
| invades the intestinal epithelium of humans. can suffer brain damage, and damange to muscle, lymph and gut tissues. Pregnant women should not change kitty litter infection can be carried by cats. If ingested, the parasites can cross the placental barrier and cause major damage to the developing fetus with its immature immune system. |
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Term
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Definition
Phylum: Apicomplexa
Class: Conoidasida
Order: Eucoccidiorida
Family: Sarcocystidae
Genus: Toxoplasma
Species: gondii |
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