Term
- Central zone
- Peripheral zone
- Transition Zone
- Periurethra glandular tissue or zone
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Definition
| In sectional imaging, the prostate is divided into four zones: |
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Term
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Definition
| largest prostate zone and most common zone for prostate cancer |
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Term
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Definition
- Bordrs the seminal vesicles
- Ducts of the vas deferens and sminal vesicles enter this zone and the ejaculatory ducts pass through the zone
- Resistant to disease processes and is site of only 5% of cancers
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Term
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Definition
- Small area located on the lateral sides of the proximal prostatic urethra
- This zone borders the central zone posteriorly and laterally; the fibromuscular tissue is anterior
- most common zone for benign prostatic hypertrophy
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Term
| Periurethral glandular zone |
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Definition
| Contains the tissue that lines the proximal prostatic urethra |
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Term
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Definition
| a fibromuscular and glandular organ shaped like an inverted pyramid and is posterior to the bladder |
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Term
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Definition
| largest accessory gland of the male reproductive system |
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Term
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Definition
| Passes through the center of the prostate before traveling to the penis to the end at the external urinary orifice |
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Term
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Definition
secretes a thin, milk-colored fluid that constitutes about 30% of the total seminal fluid volume
Helps to activate sperm and maintain mobility |
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Term
transverse 4cm
Anteroposterior 3cm |
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Definition
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Term
Serum prostatic specific antigen
(PSA) |
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Definition
| Used to evaluate the function of the prostate |
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Term
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Definition
| Normal PSA is under what? |
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Term
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Definition
| Can accurately measure volume of the prostate |
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Term
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Definition
| Prostate experiences how many growth spurts? |
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Term
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Definition
| American men have a _____ risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer |
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Term
Homogeneous appearance
Anterior fibromuscular stroma is hypoechoic
The periurethral tissues are hypoechoic
Uretha may appear echogenic |
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Definition
| Sonographic appearance of prostate |
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Term
Bening Prostatic Hypertrophy
BPH |
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Definition
| When prostate enlarges as a man ages |
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Term
- Hesitant or weak stream
- Leaking/dribbling
- Increased urinary frequency, particularly at night (nocturia)
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Definition
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Term
Prostatitis
- chills
- Fever
- urinary urgency and frequency
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Definition
| Infection of the prostate and symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
| Prostate cancers generally appear how sonographically in relation to adjacent tissues? |
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Term
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Definition
| Most common maliganant neoplasm of the prostate |
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Term
- Frequency of urination
- Urgency
- Hesitancy with weak stream
- occasional hematuria
- elevation of acid phasphatase is highly suggestive of cancer
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Definition
| Symptoms of prostate cancer |
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Term
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Definition
| Calcifications are indicative of a what? |
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Term
| Focal alteration of echogenicity and irregularities of the contour |
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Definition
| Sonographically a rupture of a testicle looks |
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Term
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Definition
| infection of the testis usually begins where? |
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Term
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Definition
| Infection of the testis commonly caused by? |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation or infection of the epididymis |
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Term
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Definition
| Most common cause of acute scrotal pain and tenderness |
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Term
enlargement of the epididymal head with decreased echogenicity secondary to edema
hyperemic flow |
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Definition
| Sonographically acute epididymitis appears |
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Term
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Definition
| Transverse diameter of epididymitis may reach up to___? |
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Term
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Definition
| infection that has spread to the testicle |
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Term
| hypoechoic area adjacent to an enlarged epididymitis |
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Definition
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Term
| hydroceles and skin thickening |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| infection of the epididymis and the testis |
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Term
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Definition
| collection of fluid located between the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis or along the spermatic cord |
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Term
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Definition
| most common cause of painless scrotal swelling |
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Term
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Definition
| blood collection in scrotal sac |
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Term
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Definition
| pus filled collection within the scrotal sac |
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Term
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Definition
| When testicle revolves one or more times on the short stalk of tunica vaginalis, which causes obstruction of blood flow to the testicle with resultant excruciating pain |
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Term
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Definition
| necrosis of the torsed testicle happens within ____? |
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Term
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Definition
| most common cause of torsion |
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Term
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Definition
| there is no bare area and the testis is completely covered, which allows the testicle to move freely |
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Term
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Definition
| Which is affected first and causes swelling in torsion? |
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Term
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Definition
| if surgery is performed within the first ___ of torsion, the salvage rate is 80-100%. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the most common cause of acute scrotal pain in adolescents and young adults |
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Term
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Definition
cystic dilations of the efferent ductules, are benign cysts consisting of nonviable sperm.
Commonly caused by obstruction and are located in the head of the epididymis |
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Term
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Definition
similar to spermatoceles, are caused by obstruction. Differ from spermatoceles in that they contain serous fluid, not nonviable sperm.
Most commonly found in the head |
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Term
well circumscribed and enechoic, within smooth walls, increased through transmission, and posterior enhancement
Average 2-5mm |
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Definition
| spermatoceles and epididymal cysts are sonographically seen |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal dilation and tortuosity of the veins in the pampiniform plexus of the spermatic cord |
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Term
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Definition
| network of veins that drains the testicles |
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Term
| left side because the left gonadal vein drains in the left renal vein |
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Definition
| Varicoceles happen more often on what side and why? |
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Term
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Definition
| most common cause of infertility because associated with low sperm counts and decreased motility |
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