Term
| What were some problems that the U.S. was facing in the late 1800s as a result of industrialization and rapid urbanization ? |
|
Definition
| Monopolization and over powerful big business enterprises, unsafe living conditions in cities, child labor, political machines and political corruption, unsafe products (food/drug), growing gap between rich and poor, low wages and poor working conditions, inequality, alcoholism and drug abuse and environmental degradation |
|
|
Term
| Who were the Progressives? |
|
Definition
| Progressives were Urban, middle-class, educated reformers who believed that society could be improved and that it could progress towards perfection with better institutions |
|
|
Term
| What was “Laissez –Fare” government policy and how did Progressives feel about it? |
|
Definition
| Progressives wanted to end the “Hands off” approach of the government in relation to big business and the economy. Progressives believed that the powers of government should be put back in the hands of the people (not big business). Progressives wanted an end to the policy of Laissez Fare (Hands – off ) |
|
|
Term
| Why were social sciences important to the Progressives? |
|
Definition
| Progressives believed that you could study societal problems like illnesses that you could provide a cure for. Progressives believed that educated experts could help society progress towards perfection. |
|
|
Term
| Why were so many women involved in the Progressive movement? |
|
Definition
| They had more free time because of more modern appliances and conveniences |
|
|
Term
| Which party did Progressives belong to ? |
|
Definition
| Progressives were both Democrats and Republicans – they were Reform- minded people |
|
|
Term
| What were “Muckrakers” and why were they important to the Progressive movement? |
|
Definition
| Muckrakers refers to the nickname given to the crusading journalists who exposed the problems of the industrialized, urbanized society of the early 1900’s. |
|
|
Term
| Who were coined the term “muckrake” and what does the name suggest? |
|
Definition
| Teddy Roosevelt. TR suggested that the muckraking journalists just focused on the negative things |
|
|
Term
| Who were at least 3 of the “muckraker” journalists |
|
Definition
| Ida Tarbell, Lincoln Steffens , Upton Sinclair , Jacob Riis |
|
|
Term
| Who was Jane Adams and why was she important to the Progressive movement? |
|
Definition
| Jane Adams started Hull House and the Settlement house movement. Settlement houses were urban sanctuaries for impoverished women and children in big cities. |
|
|
Term
| What was the Sherman Anti-trust act and why was it important to the Progressives? |
|
Definition
| The Sherman Anti-trust Act made it illegal to monopolize or attempt to monopolize a sector of the economy because it harms consumers |
|
|
Term
| How did Progressives want to reform city government? |
|
Definition
| They wanted to take politics out of city government and have city governments run more like businesses |
|
|
Term
| What is a political initiative and why were they important to Progressives? |
|
Definition
Citizens outside of a state legislature develop a proposed law. They then circulate a petition and if enough people sign petition the law is put to a public vote.
Initiative Originated in South Dakota. Initiative puts the power of government back in the hands of the people by bypassing what might be a corrupt or inept legislature. |
|
|
Term
| What was the Woman Suffrage movement? |
|
Definition
| Political movement to give women the right to vote |
|
|
Term
| What other political movement were all of the Woman Suffrage movement leaders involved with? |
|
Definition
| Abolition movement (freeing the slaves) |
|
|
Term
| . Who were the two most important leaders of the Woman Suffrage movement? |
|
Definition
| Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton |
|
|
Term
| Were all women in favor of granting women the right to vote? _____ Explain. |
|
Definition
| No. There were many women who were not in favor of women voting. Many women became active in the Anti-Suffrage movement |
|
|
Term
| What was the document that helped initiate the Woman Suffrage Movement in 1848? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What document was the Seneca Falls Declaration based on? |
|
Definition
| Declaration of Independence |
|
|
Term
| What were the main arguments for Woman Suffrage? |
|
Definition
Women’s vote will counter-act the votes of immigrants
Women’s vote will help end political corruption
Women’s vote will help protect children from unsafe products, work etc.
Women’s vote will end sweat shop labor and other problems of industrial society
Women will have more of a voice in the judicial system
Women could play a larger role in society – enlighten society
America could live up to it’s ideals . . . “ All men (women) are created equal and they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights . . .” |
|
|
Term
| What were the main arguments of the Anti-Suffrage Movement? |
|
Definition
Voting quantity (with addition of woman’s vote) will not lead to QUALITY
Voting and civic responsibility would take away from domestic responsibilities like caring for children
Voting is too much of a burden for women –takes too much time
Voting and equal rights will encourage women to lose their morals and engage in gambling, drinking and immoral acts JUST LIKE MEN
Voting and equality will confuse gender roles
Women were already represented by their husbands
Women’s brains were not as big or developed as men. They didn’t have the mental capacity to vote. |
|
|
Term
| What was the legal concept of Coverture and how did it apply to the Woman Suffrage movement? |
|
Definition
Coverture was a legal doctrine whereby, upon marriage, a woman's legal rights were subsumed by those of her husband
husband and wife were one person as far as the law was concerned
A married woman could not own property, sign legal documents or enter into a contract
A woman could work but her wages were surrendered to her husband.
Under coverture , women were like property |
|
|
Term
| What was the concept of Separate Spheres and how did it apply to the Woman Suffrage movement? |
|
Definition
| There was the Public Sphere and the Moral Sphere – only men could be involved with the public sphere because it was believed they were gifted with “civil mastery.” Women were to occupy the Moral Sphere which included the care of children – woman’s place was in the home. |
|
|
Term
| What was the concept of Virtual Representation and how did it apply to the Woman Suffrage movement? |
|
Definition
| Women didn’t need to vote because they were represented by their husbands when they voted |
|
|
Term
| What Constitutional Amendment finally allowed all adult women the right to vote? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What were some of the important parts of Teddy Roosevelt’s background that influenced his presidency? |
|
Definition
| He was scholarly, athletic and vigorous and decisive. He loved the outdoors and hunting. |
|
|
Term
| What was TR’s most important Progressive reform? |
|
Definition
| Conservation and national parks |
|
|
Term
| What was the name of TR’s policy plan? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the philosophy of the Square Deal and how was it “progressive?” |
|
Definition
| TR wanted to use the power of the government to intervene on the behalf of the citizens in order to give every one a “square deal.” TR and the government would act like an umpire to make things fair for everyone |
|
|
Term
| What were examples of TR’s implementation of the Square Deal? |
|
Definition
| TR’s handling of the 1902 Coal Strike, prosecution of J.P. Morgan’s trust and other trusts etc. |
|
|
Term
| Why did TR choose to prosecute J.P. Morgan’s Northern Securities Company? |
|
Definition
| J.P. Morgan was the face of Wall Street and the overwhelming power of the trusts. TR wanted to let the trusts know that there was “a new sheriff in town” |
|
|
Term
| What did TR mean by “speak softly and carry a big stick?” |
|
Definition
| As president and chief executive TR saw himself like a policeman. A policeman carries a club or stick to remind people to do the right thing. A policeman does not always use his force but he can if necessary. |
|
|
Term
| What did TR do after serving 2 terms as president? |
|
Definition
| Follow G. Washington’s precedent by not running for a third term. He then went on a safari in Africa. He then hand-picked his successor |
|
|
Term
| Who was TR’s handpicked successor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was Taft’s greatest accomplishment as president? |
|
Definition
| His administration prosecuted 4X as many anti-trust cases as Roosevelt’s administration. |
|
|
Term
| What circumstances created a controversy between Taft and Teddy Roosevelt? |
|
Definition
| The Taft administration began to sell off public lands |
|
|
Term
| What did TR decide to do after he learned about the Pinchot- Ballinger controversy? |
|
Definition
| He decided to break his promise and break run for a third term. |
|
|
Term
| What did TR do after Taft won the Republican party nomination in 1912? |
|
Definition
| TR decided start his own political party called the Bull Moose party and run for president |
|
|
Term
| Who was the Democratic candidate for president in 1912? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who won the presidential election of 1912 and why? |
|
Definition
| Woodrow Wilson – the Republican party was split |
|
|
Term
| What Woodrow Wilson’s most significant reform as president? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does the Federal Reserve act as a “bank for bankers”? |
|
Definition
| The Federal Reserve is a regional banking system that has 12 regional banks that lend money to smaller banks during time of crisis |
|
|
Term
| What was the biggest shortcoming of the Wilson administration? |
|
Definition
| Wilson allowed Washington, D.C. to become segregated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the nickname given to laws which legalized segregation in the South? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What or who was JIM CROW? |
|
Definition
| Jim Crow was a fictional character of minstrel shows which made fun of African-Americans |
|
|
Term
| How did Southern states keep African-Americans from voting? |
|
Definition
| Poll taxes and literacy tests and . . . Threats (KKK) |
|
|
Term
| What was the U.S. Supreme Court case which established the “Separate but Equal” doctrine and legalized segregation in the South? |
|
Definition
| Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) |
|
|
Term
| What was the American Eugenics Movement and how was it related to the Progressive Movement |
|
Definition
| Just like the Progressives, Eugenicists believed that you could use science to improve society. Eugenicists believed that societal problems were the result of inferior groups of people and if you limited their gene pool, you could solve societal problems. |
|
|
Term
| Why was Social Darwinism an important idea for the Eugenicists? |
|
Definition
| Eugenicists believed that certain races of people (white) were more evolved or superior to other races. Eugenicists believed that there should be population control for certain races of people in order to eliminate degenerate traits in society. |
|
|
Term
| How did the American Eugenics Movement impact public policy in the United States? |
|
Definition
| Many States implemented Sterilization laws and Miscegenation laws. Eugenicists helped to end unrestricted immigration to the U.S. |
|
|
Term
| Who was the most important author in the American Eugenics Movement and what book did he write? |
|
Definition
| Madison Grant , The Passing of the Great Race |
|
|
Term
| How did the American Eugenics Movement influence the Nazis? |
|
Definition
| Adolph Hitler read “The Passing of the Great Race” and called it “his bible” |
|
|
Term
| What were some flaws of the science of the American Eugenics Movement? |
|
Definition
| Eugenicists tried to determine that the majority of human behaviors were determined by a person’s genetic material – certain people were more likely |
|
|
Term
| [image]What is the main message of the cartoon? |
|
Definition
| . Anti-suffrage people were indirectly supporting political bosses, political corruption and the status quo |
|
|
Term
| What is the main message of the cartoon[image]? |
|
Definition
| Women would be more qualified to vote than a lot of men and women would help purify politics |
|
|
Term
What is the main message of the cartoon?
[image] |
|
Definition
| Allowing women to vote would improve the lives of children |
|
|
Term
What is the main message of the cartoon?
[image] |
|
Definition
| Women’s vote will help bring society out of the dark ages into a new enlightened age |
|
|
Term
What is the main message of the cartoon?
[image] |
|
Definition
| Women should not want to vote because no man will ever want to marry them – voting isn’t attractive |
|
|
Term
What is the main message of the cartoon?
[image] |
|
Definition
| If women can vote they will help clean up politics |
|
|
Term
What is the main message of the cartoon?
[image] |
|
Definition
| The cartoon depicts TR’s refusal to shoot a baby bear. The idea was later used by a toy maker to sell toy bears – TEDDY BEARs |
|
|
Term
What is the main message of the cartoon?
[image] |
|
Definition
In using his “Big
Stick” to get people to do what he wanted, TR was not afraid to push the limits of the Constitution |
|
|
Term
What is the main message of the cartoon?
[image] |
|
Definition
| Just like shooting or killing bears, TR only tried to kill the bad trusts that were too big and too powerful. Not all trusts were harmful or threatening |
|
|
Term
What is the main message of the cartoon?
[image] |
|
Definition
| TR’s decision to run for a third term after Taft’s selling of public lands |
|
|
