Term
|
Definition
| a powerful group of people who control local politics and government, sometimes by illegal means |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| William Medgar Tweed dominated New York City politics with his Tammany Hall political machine until he was brought down by Muckraker Thomas Nast's political cartoons. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of government in which owners of businesses operate their companies with little government interference. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reformers who seek to expose problems in society with the hope that others will address the issues. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Photographer who took pictures of tenements in the New York City area. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A muckraker who wrote "The Jungle" about the food industry in Chicago. His disgusting descriptions led to public calls for change. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Muckraker who took photographs of child laborers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A female who worked outside of the home in the early 20th century |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Women have seen their roles change from staying at home and cooking/cleaning/taking care of kids to working on farms during the Civil War to working in factories in the early 20th century. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Women's suffrage (right to vote) was granted in 1920. |
|
|
Term
| Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) |
|
Definition
| Organization with roots in Fredonia who pushed for the elimination of alcohol in the U.S. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| To stop people from drinking alcoholic beverages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prohibition - alcohol was illegal in the U.S. from 1919 to 1933. This was a disaster and led to organized crime. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nickname for Theodore Roosevelt because, as President, he sought to destroy trusts he deemed to be unfair. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Roosevelt's policy of making sure workers, owners and investors all were considered in decisions. Fair and Square for all. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Protection and preservation of natural resources. This was a goal of TR as President. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Followed TR into the White House as President, but was not as aggressive and ended up angering Roosevelt. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Federal Income Tax - charged citizens to pay for government services. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive Party in the election of 1912. TR split the Republican vote so that Taft would lose. Wilson won as a result. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Elections held within a political party to select the candidate who will run in the November election. |
|
|
Term
| Woodrow Wilson as President |
|
Definition
| Former President of Princeton, Wilson focused on the banking and business within the U.S. To this end, he created the Federal Trade Commission and the Federal Reserve Act. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unfair treatment of a group of people because of race, religion, social standing, etc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Discrimination against people of the Jewish faith. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Discrimination against people of the Catholic faith. |
|
|
Term
| Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) |
|
Definition
| Eliminated Chinese immigration. First restriction on U.S. immigration. |
|
|
Term
| Gentlemen's Agreement (1907) |
|
Definition
| Restricts immigration from Japan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pushed by nativists, the quota system put limits on how many immigrants could enter the U.S. by country. Countries who spoke English were permitted more immigrants than non-English speaking areas. |
|
|
Term
| Explain the conflict between "Old" and "New" immigrants. |
|
Definition
| Old immigrants did not like "new" immigrants because "new" immigrants did not speak English, or were Catholic or Jewish, not Protestant. Nativists thought new immigrants would change what it meant to be "American." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Idea that all Americans should be similar - speak English and be Protestant. Idea held by Nativists. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Idea that all Americans can hold on to traditions and customs of home countries and still be American. Favors a more diverse U.S. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Processing point of immigrants from Europe in the first half of the 20th Century. Located in New York City next to the Statue of Liberty. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Poem written by Emma Lararus and located on the Statue of Liberty. In the words, "Give us your poor, your tired, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free," Lazarus is inviting ALL immigrants regardless of nationality or economic status. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reason for leaving a country. Usually economic issues, lack of food, or land. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reason for coming to a country such as the United States. usually to find work, reunite families, or get more land. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sought to address worker safety, child labor, women's issues, temperance, women's suffrage, unfair business tactics such as trusts or monopolies, tenement housing, and poor food/medicine quality. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This industrial accident in New York City spurs the country to address workplace safety but passing laws addressing fire escapes, size of doorways, and fire fighting tools. |
|
|
Term
| What were methods used by the muckrakers to get their point across? |
|
Definition
| Newspapers, magazines, photographs, books, posters, and speeches. |
|
|
Term
| What were the traditional roles of women prior to the Progressive Era (early 20th century) |
|
Definition
| Stay home and cook, clean, take care of the children. Do not express opinions in public. |
|
|
Term
| What was the goal of the Temperance Movement? |
|
Definition
| To cut down or eliminate the consumption of alcohol in the United States. |
|
|
Term
| Why were women the leaders of the Temperance Movement? |
|
Definition
| Many women had an education but did not have the ability to get jobs. Because they had time and raised families, women sought to cut down on drinking to protect their families. |
|
|
Term
| How did Carrie A. Nation push for the reduction of alcohol? |
|
Definition
| Carrie A. Nation would attack bars with a hatchet. People supported her by sending money to bail her out and pay to see her speeches. |
|
|
Term
| Who were the "Suffragettes?" |
|
Definition
| Women who pushed for women to have the right to vote in the United States. |
|
|
Term
| Why would people women's suffrage in the early 20th century? |
|
Definition
| Women were consider inferior to men at home and in society. By enfranchising women (giving them the right to vote), it was hoped that laws would be passed to end discrimination based on gender. |
|
|
