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Problem of God
N/A
26
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 4
01/21/2012

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Term
Theism
Definition
Belief in existence of God or Gods
Belief God was creator of Universe
Interviening in it and sustaining relationship with creatures
Term
Deism
Definition
Belief in the existence of a supreme-being or creator who does not intervene in the universe.
Believes in God on the basis of reason without reference to revelation
Term
Incarnation
Definition
Taking on flesh
Became flesh by being conceived of the virgin Mary
Term
Creationism
Definition
Religious belief that humanity and life on Earth, and the universe are the creation of a supernatural being
Term
Intelligent Design
Definition
Holds that certain features of the universe and of living things are best explained by an intelligent cause, not an undirected process such as natural selection.
Term
Darwinism
Definition
A theory of biological evolution stating that all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual's ability to compete, survive, and reproduce.
Term
Macro Evoloution
Definition
Large scale evolution over geologic time that results in formation of new taxonomic groups
Term
Materialism
Definition
Holds that the only thing that exists is matter or energy; that all things are composed of material and everything is the result of material interactions.
Term
Skepticism
Definition
Religious skepticism is "doubt concerning basic religious principles such as immortality, providence, and revelation.
Term
Nihilism
Definition
Argues that life is without objective meaning, purpose, or intrinsic value.
Assert that morality does not inherently exist, and that any established moral values are abstractly contrived.
Term
Fideism
Definition
Reliance on faith alone rather than scientific reasoning or philosophy in questions of religion.
Term
Renaissance
Definition
The period of this revival, roughly the 14th through the 16th century, marking the transition from medieval to modern times; Rebirth of culture and learning.
Term
Sacrament
Definition
Sacred rite recognized as of particular importance and significance.
The Church defines it as an efficacious signs of grace, instituted by Christ and entrusted to the Church, by which divine life is dispensed to us and are necessary for salvation.
Term
Atheism
Definition
The position that there are no deities. Most inclusively, atheism is simply the absence of belief that any deities exist.
Term
Geocentricity
Definition
The solar system or universe having the Earth as the center.
Term
Heliocentricity
Definition
Reference system based at the center of the sun, sun is at the center of the universe.
Term
Ethics
Definition
Moral philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior. It is a system of moral principles and the rules of conduct recognized in respect to a particular class of human actions or a particular group or culture.
Term
Metaphysics
Definition
Concerned with explaining the fundamental nature of being and the world. It examines the nature of reality, including the relationship between mind and matter, substance and attribute, fact and value.
Term
Theodicy
Definition
A theological and philosophical study which attempts to prove God's intrinsic or foundational nature of all-loving, all-knowing, and all-powerful. Theodicy is usually concerned with the God of the Abrahamic religions Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, due to the relevant assertions of their respective holy texts.
Term
Pantheism
Definition
God is everything and everything is God.” The view that God and the universe are identical and they do not believe in a personal god or universal creator
Term
Rationalism
Definition
Principle or habit of accepting reason as the supreme authority in matters of opinion, belief, or conduct. Reason is the source of knowledge and justification.
Term
Empiricism
Definition
Doctrine that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience.
Term
Epistemology
Definition
Investigates the origin, nature, methods, and limits of human knowledge.
Term
Idealism
Definition
Family of views which assert that reality, or reality as we can know it, is fundamentally mental, mentally constructed, or otherwise immaterial. The theory that the object of external perception, in itself or as perceived, consists of ideas.
Term
Philisophical Dualism
Definition
Most generally, the view that reality consists of two disparate parts. In philosophy of mind, the belief that the mental and physical are deeply different in kind: thus the mental is at least not identical with the physical.
Term
Categorical Imperative
Definition
Established by Kant, defined as a way of evaluating motivations for action. An unconditional moral obligation that is binding in all circumstances and is not dependent on a person's inclination or purpose.
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