Term 1

What best defines “randomization” in biomedical research?

Definition 1

It is a method of distributing animals among the different groups needed for the study.

Term 2

Which of the following does not cause enteritis in hamsters?

Definition 2

Mycoplasma spp.

Term 3

According to statistics, what percentage of the people who work with laboratory animals develop allergic symptoms?

Definition 3

30
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Term 4

According to statistics, what percentage of the people who work with laboratory animals develop allergic symptoms?

Definition 4

30

Term 5

What is the role of cytokines?

Definition 5

They serve to transmit information about the presence of a foreign substance from the receptor molecule to other molecules and cells of the immune system.

Term 6

What is an example of an activity that reflects the transcendence level in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Definition 6

Mentoring a subordinate
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Term 7

Which of the following is not a recommendation included in the section of the manual describing the hiring process?

Definition 7

The job description should specifically list all the tasks that the employee will need to perform.

Term 8

Adding an analgesic sedative to ketamine administration has which of the following effects?

Definition 8

It prevents muscle rigidity.

Term 9

The function of various brain regions have been mapped using which technique?

Definition 9

Positron emission tomography
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Term 10

For small scale accidents in the facility, in what order should the following three steps be taken?

Definition 10

Leave the area, call for help, secure the area.

Term 11

Which of the following are true of axenic animals as compared to animals with normal microflora?

Definition 11

They have generally lower enzyme levels.

Term 12

Microfilaria isolated from fresh blood smears are an indication that the animal suffers from which disease?

Definition 12

Heartworms
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Term 13

Where does translation take place?

Definition 13

In the ribosomes

Term 14

Which of the following is not required by FDA GLPs standard operating procedures?

Definition 14

Staff PPE use

Term 15

Pharmacologists who develop new drugs or modify existing drugs to reduce their side effects, for example, would probably regularly use a drug classification system based on which feature?

Definition 15

Chemical structure
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Term 16

What is another term for macrophages?

Definition 16

Antigen-presenting cells

Term 17

Isolators must have what device to allow materials to pass through to the isolator without contaminating the animals?

Definition 17

Port

Term 18

What is a major advantage of fluoroscopy over standard radiography?

Definition 18

It takes moving pictures.
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Term 19

What is Bremsstrahlung?

Definition 19

X-ray produced by beta particles when they decelerate

Term 20

Which of the following statements represents the type of comments the supervisor should use in commenting on a completed task?

Definition 20

"Next time, you need to use the other disinfectant."

Term 21

Why is cyclosporin A often used in individuals who have received tissue transplants?

Definition 21

It is an immunosuppressant drug
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Term 22

Which of the following characteristics does not apply to morphine?

Definition 22

It causes an increase in respiratory rate.

Term 23

In which techniques is the x-ray beam rotated 360° around the patient to allow precise location of lesions?

Definition 23

Computed tomography

Term 24

Why is neomycin not given by the enteral route?

Definition 24

It is toxic.
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Term 25

Which is the stage when a protozoan parasite actively multiplies?

Definition 25

Trophozoite

Term 26

Which of the following statements apply to antibodies?

Definition 26

They are produced in plasma cells.

Term 27

What is a common side effect of anethesia induced with pentobarbital?

Definition 27

Hypothermia
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Term 28

Salmonella, Shigella, and Streptococcus are often identified by which characteristic?

Definition 28

Serological typing

Term 29

If you read an article that states that the results showed a significant difference at the 0.05 level, what does this mean?

Definition 29

There is a 95% probability that the difference is real.

Term 30

For an aerosol to be used inhalation therapy, the particles must be smaller than what size?

Definition 30

5 µm
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Term 31

In a study that attempts to determine if using treats such as pieces of carrots to elicit a desired behavior in rats (move through a tunnel to a new cage) helps the rats learn the behavior quicker, what would the independent variable be?

Definition 31

The treats

Term 32

Which of the following statements regarding atrophic rhinitis is true?

Definition 32

There is little that can be done to reverse the damage from atrophic rhinitis once it has occurred.

Term 33

Who is responsible for providing security-related training to all staff in an animal facility?

Definition 33

The animal facility’s veterinary and supervisory staff
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Term 34

What is one reason to use a pre-anesthetic treatment?

Definition 34

Reduce the amount of anesthetic needed

Term 35

In rebreathing systems, the concentration of anesthetic is usually expressed as which of the following?

Definition 35

Percentage of anesthetic gas in fresh air

Term 36

What best describes polyclonal antibodies?

Definition 36

They are groups of antibodies that react with different sites on the same antigen.
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Term 37

Which of the following represents a difference between hysterectomy derivation and embryo transfer?

Definition 37

In one case the embryos are at term and in the other case, the embryos used are at an earlier stage of development.

Term 38

Which of the following statements apply to haploid cells?

Definition 38

They are the germ cells.

Term 39

In rebreathing anesthesia systems, what reaches the animal’s lungs?

Definition 39

A mixture of fresh and exhaled gases
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Term 40

What best describe a mutation?

Definition 40

A permanent change in the DNA sequence in some or all of an animal’s cells

Term 41

What does an antibody titer measure?

Definition 41

The lowest dilution of the blood sample that gives a positive result when exposed to the antigen

Term 42

Where does replication take place?

Definition 42

In the nucleus
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Term 43

Researchers who work with serum, blood, or tissues from humans or apes should receive what vaccine?

Definition 43

Hepatitis B

Term 44

How is the mouse thymic virus detected?

Definition 44

Indirect immunoflurorescence assay

Term 45

Which of the following agents has been nicknamed the "injectable gas?"

Definition 45

Propofol
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Term 46

If the plasma appears cloudy in the hematocrit tube, it could be an indication of which condition?

Definition 46

Hyperlipemia

Term 47

In AIDS, the HIV virus destroys which of the cells involved in the immune response?

Definition 47

T helper cells and macrophages

Term 48

The concentration of which of the following is usually expressed as grams per deciliter (g/dL)?

Definition 48

Hemoglobin
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Term 49

Which technique allows real time moving images to be observed?

Definition 49

Fluoroscopy

Term 50

Pregnancy and allergic reactions are two conditions that often cause an elevation in which white blood cell type?

Definition 50

Eosinophils

Term 51

Which of the following statements apply to all bacteria?

Definition 51

They do not have mitochondria in their cytoplasm.
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Term 52

What imaging technique allows the observation of biological processes as they occur?

Definition 52

Positron emission tomography

Term 53

Atropine and glycopyrrolate belong in which of the following types of drugs?

Definition 53

Anticholinergics

Term 54

What is an inflammation of the upper respiratory tract in swine associated with Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasturella multocida?

Definition 54

Atrophic rhinitis
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Term 55

Which of the following statements is true of nonrebreathing systems?

Definition 55

They produce large amounts of WAGs

Term 56

Which of the following describes Carbon-14 (14C), tritium (3H), and Iodine-125 (125I)?

Definition 56

radioisotopes

Term 57

Contagious ecthyma is also known as _______ or _____________.

Definition 57

orf, sore mouth
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Term 58

Which pinworm infection can be detected by a tape test?

Definition 58

Syphacia

Term 59

Which of the following drugs can reverse the effect of opioids?

Definition 59

Nalorphine and naloxone

Term 60

The presence of a pathogen in the animals procured from a vendor may not be detected by the health surveillance program for up to how long?

Definition 60

up to 3 months
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Term 61

Dose rates are generally expressed as

Definition 61

mg/kg.

Term 62

Which of the following carbohydrates is a monosaccharide?

Definition 62

Glucose

Term 63

The ability to clearly relate the facility’s goals to the staff is an example of:

Definition 63

communication skills.
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Term 64

What is the most common disease of freshwater fish maintained in aquaria in institutional settings?

Definition 64

Microsporidiosis

Term 65

When wild type females are bred to hemizygous males, what percentage of the offspring can be expected to have the transgene?

Definition 65

50%

Term 66

What is the predominant type of immunoglobulins found in the saliva of mammals?

Definition 66

IgA
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Term 67

What does the term “drug spectrum” refer to?

Definition 67

The type of organisms it is effective against

Term 68

What is the product of translation?

Definition 68

Protein

Term 69

Enzootic pneumonia is caused primarily by which pathogen?

Definition 69

Mycoplasma spp.
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Term 70

What additional publication from USDA clarifies the intent of the Animal Welfare Act?

Definition 70

The Animal Care Policy Manual

Term 71

Which class of biosafety cabinets offers the most protection to personnel?

Definition 71

Class III

Term 72

Which of the following scientists are associated with the development of the basic concepts of immunology?

Definition 72

Jenner and Pasteur
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Term 73

What best describes alpha particles?

Definition 73

They consist of two protons.

Term 74

What is a characteristic of the respiratory pattern of surgical anesthesia?

Definition 74

Breathing initiated in the thoracic-abdominal area

Term 75

Which of the following zoonotic viral disease often remains asymptomatic in infected macaques and can be fatal in humans?

Definition 75

Cercopithecine herpevirus I
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Term 76

Which agency administers the Animal Welfare Act?

Definition 76

APHIS

Term 77

What term describes lice infestation?

Definition 77

Pediculosis

Term 78

Which of the following treatments is commonly used in laboratory animals to prevent transplant rejection?

Definition 78

Radiation exposure to kill immune system cells
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Term 79

The confidence level is an index of:

Definition 79

certainty.

Term 80

The cost for personnel generally represents what percentage of an animal facility’s budget?

Definition 80

More than 60%

Term 81

Among the red blood indices, which one provides information about the average size of the individual red blood cells?

Definition 81

Mean corpuscular volume
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Term 82

Why are adjuvants used in vaccines?

Definition 82

To enhance the immune response

Term 83

What does an ultrasonic doppler flow detector measure?

Definition 83

Blood pressure

Term 84

Which of the following applies to certified feeds?

Definition 84

The concentration of contaminants is below maximum acceptable levels.
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Term 85

Mycobacteriosis in fish is thought to spread through which of the following?

Definition 85

Cannibalism of dead tank mates

Term 86

Antibody-mediated immune response is associated with which kind of cells?

Definition 86

B cells

Term 87

What is another name for infectious tracheobronchitis?

Definition 87

Kennel cough
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Term 88

The introduction of an antibiotic resistance gene into a DNA fragment is used for what purpose?

Definition 88

It helps identify the cells that have integrated the transgene.

Term 89

Using an anticholinergic before anesthesia helps prevent which of the following?

Definition 89

Choking while under anesthesia

Term 90

If you are anesthetizing a 5 kg dog using a rebreathing system, what capacity would you choose for the rebreathing bag?

Definition 90

100 ml
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Term 91

Describe a good way to give an anesthetic "to effect" using the intravenous route.

Definition 91

Half the dose is injected at once, the rest is injected in small amounts as needed until the desired stage of anesthesia is reached.

Term 92

Which organization has developed standards and guidelines to help prevent the transmission of zoonoses through importation of animals?

Definition 92

The World Organization for Animal Health

Term 93

What are the three steps involved in an acquired immunity response to a foreign substance?

Definition 93

Recognition, processing, response
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Term 94

Abdominal distention, dehydration, tooth grinding and a sloshing sound when the abdomen is palpated are clinical signs of which rabbit disease?

Definition 94

Mucoid enteropathy

Term 95

What easily observable signs could suggest a diagnosis of dermatophytosis?

Definition 95

Crusty lesions around a few hairs or a slight scaliness of the skin

Term 96

Which of the following are the weakest bonds in DNA?

Definition 96

Base-base
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Term 97

Which immune system cells secrete antibodies?

Definition 97

Plasma cells

Term 98

What best describe the "community right-to-know" regulations?

Definition 98

A list of all hazardous materials present in the facility must be made available to local emergency response groups.

Term 99

An anesthetic log should be kept for each animal. How often should vital parameters be recorded?

Definition 99

Every 10-15 minutes
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Term 100

A mycelium is formed by which of the following?

Definition 100

A mold colony

Term 101

As a radioactive substance decays, the energy and particles that are emitted are referred to by which term?

Definition 101

Radiation

Term 102

Which of the following is not a major difference between the structure and chemical makeup of DNA and RNA?

Definition 102

DNA has nitrogenous bases while RNA has hydrogenous bases.
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Term 103

How often should a research facility using regulated species update their USDA registration?

Definition 103

Every 3 years

Term 104

hich of the following is not a common gastrointestinal conditions in laboratory rabbits?

Definition 104

Mycoplasmosis

Term 105

What is the primary reason for the establishment and maintenance of a breeding colony?

Definition 105

To produce animals of a specific genotype
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Term 106

Which of the following drugs is a dissociative agent?

Definition 106

Ketamine

Term 107

How often must the PHS assurance be resubmitted?

Definition 107

Every 5 years

Term 108

How should a urine sample for microbiological analysis be obtained?

Definition 108

Perform a cystocentesis.
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Term 109

What disease can cause fatal respiratory disease in newborn and weanling mice?

Definition 109

Sendai virus

Term 110

Which of the following statements represents the type of comments the supervisor should use in commenting on a completed task?

Definition 110

"Next time, you need to use the other disinfectant."

Term 111

Xylazine is which type of drug?

Definition 111

Alpha-2 adrenergic agonist
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Term 112

What best describes category C animals?

Definition 112

Animals not experiencing pain or distress

Term 113

What does the term “gnotobiotics” mean?

Definition 113

Well-known life