1st  phase of Mitosis

-spindle fibers form bridge over nucleus
-


2nd phase of Mitosis

when chromosomes line up across equator of cell

 

 

 

 



 
-

What is The 3rd phase of Mitosis

when

-chromosomes split and spindles retract to opposite sides of the cell pulling the chromosomes along  with them 
-

What is the 4th and Final phase of Mitosis 

when-nuclear envelope forms

around the 2 new nuclei
-
What is the – oval structure inside the nucleus that makes the ribosomes
-

WHat is

 - the skin around the nucleus
-
 What are the organelles that – produce proteins (and look like tiny dots)
-

WHat us - the outside skin of the cell separating the cytoplasm

from the environment

around the cell called
-

What is the - jell-like fluid

that fills the cell,

in which most of the organelles live called
-

What are the

 organelles that produce energy for cell activity

called
-

What is the-

network of passageways

throughout the cell

called
-

 

What is the Brain of the cell,

that directs actions of the cell
-

 

What are the

– cell's clean up crew
-

What are the  –organelles for the storage of cell water,waste, & food

( plants have one big one full of water)
-

 

 

WHAT ARE - transporters of THE   cell CALLED

- pancakes
-

 

 

what are - cell organs

called
-

 

 

What  is - The offspring of many generations that have the same trait.  Ex: short pea plants always come from short parent plants
-
What is- The offspring of genetically dissimilar parents, especially the offspring produced by breeding plants or animals of different varieties, species, or races. Example: offspring inherits 1 allele for tallness from pure bred tall plants, and 1 allele from a purebred short plant for shortness.  The off spring will be a ____ and it will be tall because tallness is dominant.
-
WHAT is-the allele trait that is always hidden when the dominant trait is around. the dominant allele always wins when its around - IF  a dominant gene for tallness from one parent and a recessive gene for shortness from the other parent pair up, tallness will be inherited because its dominant.  You need two shortness genes to pair up to inherit shortness.
-

 

WHAT IS - the GENE whose trait always shows up in the offspring
-

 

 

What is - each different form of a characteristic such as hair color, height, called


 
-

What is the The 2nd Filial Generation

The offspring resulting from a cross or mating of F1 Generation plants - the grandchildren of a parent plant


 
-

 

 - The 1st Filial Generation, resulting from a cross between 2 breeding plants. 

 

Homozygous for the trait of interest. 
-

 

What are - children of the parent organism  called 

ex: You cross two plants and get a baby plant. Its  the ________   _________. 
-

 What is - A trait that is expressed over another trait. 

Example: 

So if the brown hair gene is a ______  _______ over blonde hair and you have  a blonde and a brown hair gene from each of our parents,  you’ll have brown hair.
-

what are - The different forms of a gene. 

 

For example- You inherit one ____  from each parent for a trait,

for example - tallness.  

How tall depends on the ____s.
-

 

 

What is the passing of physical characteristics

from parent to offspring called
-

 

What is the study of heredity

(of genes) called
-

 

- a segment of DNA on a chromosome,  that holds the information for a specific trait - the brown eyes gene or the freckles gene 
-

-two sides of DNA unzip!

– 4 free floating nitrogen bases pair up with the 4 nitrogen bases inside the unzipped DNA.  

After the new bases attach, new DNA molecules are formed
-

 

-carrier of genetic information-

- A nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in the cell-

(DNA is carried in the chromosomes)

(De-ox-y-ri-bo - nu-cle-ic  a-cid)


 
-

final stage of the cell cycle,

-completes cell division cycle-

Cytoplasm pinches middle of the cell - cell divides,

then organelles are distributed

to each new daughter cell
-

what is - the 2nd stage of the Cell Cycle -

when Cell Division occurs 

(= parent cell divides into 2 daughter cells)

There are 4 phases of Mitosis  ( P.Mat)

Prophase,  Metaphase, Anaphase, Telephase)
-

- 1st stage in the cell cycle

cell grows


getting ready to divide & replicate its DNA

during Mitosis
-

What is

The orderly set of events of a cells growth and division

(AKA-the life cycle of a cell-which has 3 parts: Interphase, Mitosis and Cytokinesis)  called
-

What is - to make a duplicate or twin

of one's self  called
-

- What are-Many genes joined together-  

During prophase, Chromatin condenses and the DNA replicates to form two rods called chromatid,

exact copies of each other.

This double rod of chromatids is called a__________
-

WHAT IS THE formation of sex cells (sperm and egg)

- the number of chromosomes is halved 

-It  has 4 phases, like Mitosis,

but it’s phases repeat,  - replicate 2 times,

so there’s Prophase 2 and metaphase 2 and so on 


 
-

 

WHAT IS THE 

basic unit of structure

of all living things called
-

 

 

 

WHAT DOES Telophase  look like
-

 

 

WHat does metaphase look like
-

 

 

What does mitochondria look like

(They  make energy for the cell)
-

Gogli body

pancake like

makes proteins

transporter of the cell

 
-

Image:Labelled animal cell for cell worksheet.JPGcell wall or cell membrane = plasma membrane

cytoplasm = cytosol 

Ignore the Pinocytotic Vesicle
-

 

a) In mitosis the number of chromosomes in the cells formed is the same as in the original cell.
In meiosis the number of chromosomes is halved.
b) In mitosis the cells formed are identical to the original cell.
In meiosis they're different.

 
-

 

 

in the nucleus

the brains of the cell
-

 

 

mitosis and meiosis
-

 

 

One of the four nitrogen bases in DNA
-

cylinder shaped organelles 

-that pair up, 

 -pairs go to either side of the cell then

-shoot out spindle fibers 

-during prophase
-


Disc shaped organelles

found in plant cells (not animal cells)

that help the plant turn sunlight into food
-

 

 

What is DNA

What do the letters stand for?
-

 

 

One of the 4 nitrogen bases

in DNA
-

 

 

What is interphase
-

 

 

What are lysosomes
-

 

 

 

What is meiosis
-

 

 

 

What is metaphase
-

 

 

What are spindles
-

 

 

What is mutation
-

 

 

What are organelles
-
What are two things a plant cell has that a animal cell doesn't have?
-

 

 

 

What is replication
-


WHAT IS 

"cellular respiration"
-

 

 

What are Ribosomes
-

 

 

What is Telophase
-

 

WHat are

Tetrads

(tedrad means 4 things together.)

Count the rods that make up the two X's !)
-

One of the

4 nitrogen bases

in DNA that begins with a T
-

 

 

WHat are vacuoles
-

Because they are going to join up

with other sex cells

from the other parent

to make  offspring (baby) cells.

-Then it will add its half to the other parent's half

to make one complete cell
-

The spindles are pulling the chromosomes

towards opposite poles of the cell

where they will become part of 2 new nuclei for 2 new daughter cells- in Mitosis and Meiosis - it will happen 2 times in Meiosis.

It is called just plane anaphase in Mitosis.
-

YOu can tell this is  _________ , of MEIOSIS   because there are 2 cells now

not just one like there is in Mitosis, whose spindles are pulling the chromosomes towards opposite poles ,

getting ready for the second split in Telephase, so that there will be 4 daughter cells 
-

THESE ARE 2 PICTURES of 1 cell

picture 1- BEGINNING OF _______

picture 2 - THE END OF ________

YOU CAN TELL BECAUSE:

picture  1-YOU CAN'T SEE ANY CHROMOSOMES

picture 2- now THE CHROMATIN HAVE Condensed/Fattened up INTO CHROMOSOMES; and Nuclear Wall is breaking up, losing its shape. 

What you cant see in the photo = are the CENTROMERES going to opposite poles of the cell while spindle fibers make a bridge between them.
-

In this phase of Mitosis & Meiosis,

the chromosomes(in red) have all split

and have been pulled by the spindle fibers to opposite poles of the cell.

2 new nuclei have formed and the cell is ready for the last phase - when it will elongate

before Cytosis
-

In this phase of Mitosis and Meiosis, the chromosomes are all lined up at the equator of the cell.  The spindle fibers are there too, attached to the chromosomes. they look like faint squiggly lines 

ready for the next phase when they will pulled apart chromosomes to either pole of the cell
-

what is An object

in the shape of

a corkscrew,  a spiral staircase

or a spiral  called
-

The 4 Nitrogen bases that make up the rungs on the spiral ladder of DNA

&

that unzip when DNA replicates
-

 

 

What is the Shape of DNA
-

 

What does "ER"

 (Endoplasmic Reticulum)

network of passageways in the cell  Look like?

 what does it look like?
-

 

 

A Chromosome is made up of two ________s attached by a ___________.
-

What are

Prophase,  Metaphase, Anaphase, 

Telephase