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Principles of Environmental Science Inquiry and Appications
Chapter 4: Human Population
15
Environmental Studies
Undergraduate 1
10/10/2012

Additional Environmental Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
I = PAT Formula
Definition

I- Our environmental impacts

=

P-  are the product of our population size

A- times affluence

T- and the technology used to produce the goods and services we consume.

Term
Ecological Footprint
Definition
Estimates the relative amount of productive land required to support each of us.
Term
Demography
Definition

 

encompasses vital statistics about people, such as births, deaths, and where they live, as well as total population size. 

 

(derived from the Greek words demos [people] and graphein [to write or to measure])

 

Term
Ecological Footprint Analysis
Definition
Estimating the amount of territory needed to support all your consumption of food, paper, computers, energy, water, and other resources.
Term
Crude Birth Rate
Definition

-The most accessible demographic statistic of fertility

-The number of births in a year per thousand persons

-Statistically "crude" in the sense that it is not adjusted for population characteristics, such as the number of women of reproductive age.

Term
Total Fertility Rate
Definition
The number of children born to an average woman in a population during her entire reproductive life.
Term
Zero Population Growth (ZPG)
Definition
Occurs when births plus immigration in a population just equal deaths plus emigration.
Term
Replacement Rate
Definition
The number of children per couple needed to maintain a stable population.  Becuase of early deaths, infertility, and nonreproducing individuals, this is usually about 2.1 children per couple.
Term

Crude Death Rates

(AKA Crude Mortality Rates)

 

Definition
Are expressed in terms of the number of deaths per thousand persons in any given year.
Term
Life Expectancy
Definition
The average age that a newborn infant can expect to attain in any given society.
Term

Dependency Ratio

 

 

Definition
the number of nonworking compared with working individuals in a population.
Term
Pronatalist Pressures
Definition
The factors that increase people's desire to have babies.
Term
Demographic Transition
Definition

 

The pattern that goes from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates. 

 

Term
Family Planning
Definition
Allows couples to determine the number and spacing of their children.
Term
Birth Control
Definition
Usually means any method used to reduce births, including celibacy, delayed marriage, contraception, methods that prevent embryo implantation, and induced abortions.
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