Term
In a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt, where is the graft placed, and what purpose does it serve? |
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Definition
A graft is placed between a branch off the aorta directly to the pulmonary artery, this allows blood to flow to the lungs to receive oxygen.
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Term
If the flow through the systemic system is greater than the pulmonary, what is the ratio & what type of shunt do I have? |
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Definition
The ration is <1
R to L shunt |
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Term
If the flow through the pulmonary system is greater than the systemic, the ratio is what? What type of shunt do I have? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the Qp on a cath report?
Qs on the cath report? |
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Definition
Qp=flow through pulmonary system
Qs=flow through systemic system |
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Term
What are the terms restrictive and nonrestrictive indicative of? |
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Definition
the pressure difference between two areas |
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Term
Will a VSD that is restrictive have a pressure gradient between the LV & RV? |
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Definition
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Term
If I have a nonrestrictive VSD, does a pressure difference/gradient exist? |
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Definition
NO!
*in a VSD that is large enough, the pressure equalizes in the two ventricles (so no pressure gradient can be maintained)
LV pressure=RV pressure |
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Term
What law do we use in anesthetic management for children with CHD? |
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Definition
Ohm's Law
P
Q=-----
R
Q=blood flow (CO)
P=pressure w/in chamber
R=vascular resistance of pulmonary/systemic vasculature
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Term
Name two anesthetic issues in children w/ trisomy 21 (I'm looking for tracheal issues)? |
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Definition
-Tracheal shortening
-Tracheal stenosis |
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Term
Chronic hypoxemia is compensated by ________ leading to an increase in __________. |
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Definition
Chronic hypoxemia is compensated by polycythemia leading to an increase in O2 carrying capacity |
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Term
Name two disorders associated with strokes from embolic phenomena?
(I have no clue how to word this, sorry) |
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Definition
-R-L shunts
-Polycythemia |
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Term
What's the incidence of PDA? It accounts for what % of CHD? |
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Definition
Incidence is 1:2,000
Accounts for 5-10% |
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Term
PDA's are beneficial in what types of babies? |
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Definition
Babies with a right ventricular outflow problem.
*The larger the ventricular outflow problem, the more they need a patent VSD or PDA |
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Term
What type of shunt does a PDA cause? |
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Definition
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Term
Name the two unfavorable conditions associated with a PDA? |
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Definition
1) Pulmonary over circulation that increases pulmonary vascular congestion and increases extravascular lung water-interfering w/ gas exchange.
ENLARGED LA & LV & HIGH OUTPUT FAILURE!
2) Backflow from aorta during diastole. The lower body is deprived of O2 increasing the risk for NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS due to splanchnic hypoperfusion. |
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Term
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Definition
Loud systolic murmur that impinges on diastole heard best over the mid to left sternal boarder. |
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