Term
| Spell Amaurosis fugax and then define it. |
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Definition
| Amaurosis fugax-transient monocular vision loss due to embolism or hypoperfusion |
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Term
| The opthalmic artery is the (blank) branch off the internal carotid. Why do I care? |
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Definition
| First, this increases the risk for embolism and amaurosis fugax. |
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Term
| Aqueous humor is formed at a rate of? |
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Definition
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Term
| where and how is aqueous humor made? |
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Definition
| it is made in the ciliary processes which are covered by epithelial cells, active transport of Na into spaces between the cells, followed by Cl and bicarb (to maintain electrical neutrality) which produces an osmotic gradient for water from neighbouring tissue to follow. |
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Term
| Aqueous humor is made in the _________ chamber. It then flows into the ________ chamber and is reabsorbed by what structure? |
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Definition
| posterior, anterior, canal of schlemm |
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Term
| The canal of schlemm is made up of an endothelial membrane that only permits movement of small particles through, like ions and water. T or F |
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Definition
| False, the membrane is very porus, it allows proteins and particulate matter into the canal |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How is IOP determined in relation to aqueous humor? |
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Definition
| It is determined by the rate of formation and the rate of outflow |
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Term
| What is the main pathology associated with glaucoma? |
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Definition
| decreased aqueous humor outflow, which increases IOP |
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Term
| How does an increase in venous pressure increase IOP? |
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Definition
| by drcreasing aqueous humor outflow and increasing blood in the choroid |
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Term
| Temporary increases in IOP in a healthy eye are compensated by.... |
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Definition
| an increase in aqueous or vitreous humor drainage which equalizes the pressure |
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Term
| A rise in IOP in an open globe injury can cause what? |
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Definition
| spilling of eye contents, blindness |
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Term
I will give the variable, you tell me how it affects you IOP
1. increased CVP
2. decreased CVP
3. increased PaCO2
4. Decreased PaCO2 |
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Definition
1. greatly increases IOP
2. greatly decreases IOP
3. moderatly increases IOP
4. moderatly decreases IOP |
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Term
| Volatiles produce a reduction in IOP, how? |
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Definition
| reduced BP and choriodal blood volume, relaxation of extraocular eye muscles, pupillary constriction (facilitates aqueous humor outflow) |
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Term
| How does ketamine increase IOP? |
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Definition
| increased BP, nystagmus, myoclonic muscle activity and increased eye muscle tone |
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Term
| Theoretically, why would you not want to use anticholinergics in glaucoma? |
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Definition
| they can produce mydriasis, which can precipitate closed angle glaucoma and reduce aqueous humor outflow |
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Term
| how does succs affect IOP (i want numbers) |
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Definition
| it causes prolonged contracture of EOM and increases IOP by 5-10 mmHg for 5-10 minutes |
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Term
| If my pt is going in for eye surgery that will require the monitoring of IOP, should I use succs? why or why not |
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Definition
| probably not, succs increases IOP over 5-10 minutes and it also can cause faulty IOP measurements over 20 minutes. |
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