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Principals of biology 1510
Chap 1
29
Biology
Undergraduate 1
09/20/2011

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Term
Cellularity
Definition
 ofrelating toor consisting of living cells
Term
Atom
Definition
the basic unit of a chemical element.
Term
Tissue
Definition
any of the distinct types of material of which animals orplants are made, consisting of specialized cells and their products
Term
Population
Definition
all the inhabitants of a particular town, area, or country
Term
Ecosystem
Definition
a biological community of interacting organisms and theirphysical environment.
Term
Inductive Reasoning
Definition
 characterized by the inference of general laws fromparticular instances: instinct rather than inductive reasoningmarked her approach to life.
Term
Theory
Definition
a supposition or a system of ideas intended to explainsomething, esp. one based on general principles independentof the thing to be explained
Term
Evolution
Definition
the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth
Term
Analogous
Definition
 Structures performing a similar function but having a different evolutionary originsuch as the wings of insects and birds. Often contrasted with homologous.
Term
DNA
Definition
deoxyribonucleic acida self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent ofchromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, esp. as maintained by physiological processes.
Term
Molecule
Definition
a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.
Term
Organ
Definition
a part of an organism that is typically self-contained and has a specific vital function, such as the heart or liver in humans.
Term
Species
Definition
a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding. The species is the principal naturaltaxonomic unit, ranking below a genus and denoted by aLatin binomiale.g.Homo sapiens.
Term
Biosphere
Definition
the regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth (or analogous parts of other planets) occupied by living organisms.
Term
Hypothesis
Definition
a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation
Term
Variable
Definition
able to be changed or adapted
Term
Natural Selection
Definition
the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring
Term
Phylogenetic Tree
Definition
the branch of biology that deals with phylogenesis
Term
Emergent Property
Definition
arising as an effect of complex causes and not analyzable simply as the sum of their effects
Term
Adaptation
Definition
a change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment
Term
Organelle
Definition
any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.
Term
Organ System
Definition
A group of related organs is an organ system Organs within asystem may be related in any number of ways, but relationshipsof function are most commonly used.
Term
Community
Definition
a group of interdependent organisms of different species growing or living together in a specified habitat
Term
Deductive Reasoning
Definition
 reasoning is a logical process in which a conclusiondrawn from a set of premises contains no more information thanthe premises taken collectively. All dogs are animals; this is adog; therefore, this is an animal
Term
Experiment
Definition
a scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact
Term
Control
Definition
he power to influence or direct people's behavior or thecourse of events
Term
Homologous
Definition
(of organssimilar in positionstructureandevolutionary origin but not necessarily in function
Term
Cell Theory
Definition
a theory in biology that includes one or both of the statementsthat the cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit ofliving matter and that the organism is composed of autonomouscells with its properties being the sum of those of its cells
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