Term
| what had happened to the church during the 9-10th century? |
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Definition
| it had gone into moral corruption |
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Term
| what was the 9-10th centuries churches's biggest threat? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
when nobles and kings claimed to have a rights to:
1.)chose their own church officials
2.)invest with their religious authority |
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Term
| what happened in 910 A.D.? |
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Definition
| the monasteries in Cluny, France began a reform movement |
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Term
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Definition
| the act of buying and selling church offices |
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Term
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Definition
members of the most influencial monastic reforming orders
+strict discipline
+lives of seclusion |
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Term
| who founded the cistercians? |
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Definition
| Bernard of Clairvaux (1091-1153) |
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Term
| what was the primary church reform goal? |
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Definition
| to rescue the papacy from the state of weakness |
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Term
| what is the COLLEGE OF CARDINALS? |
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Definition
| it was the assembly that chose who was to be pope (1059) |
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Term
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Definition
+ the greatest reforming pope (1073-85)
+ a Benedictine monk
+ prohibitted lay investure(1075) |
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Term
| who prohibitted lay investure, what year? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the German emperor who refused to obey Pope Gregory |
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Term
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Definition
| Henry asked pope for forgiveness @ Canossa |
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Term
| what is the CONCORDAT OF WORMS? |
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Definition
| the agreement that said that the church had a right to elect its own leaders and invest in religious authority in the emperor's presence |
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Term
| what are the FRANCISCAN + DOMINICAN orders? |
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Definition
| monastic orders emphasizing service to fellowmen |
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Term
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Definition
| "brothers" who are members of the Franciscan and Dominican order |
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Term
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Definition
| "brothers" who are members of the Franciscan and Dominican order |
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Term
| what is referred to as the MENDICANT("BEGGING")ORDERS? |
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Definition
| the franciscan and dominican orders |
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Term
| who is FRANCIS OF ASSISI? |
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Definition
the founder of the franciscan order
+devoted life to ministering to the poor and sick |
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Term
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Definition
a spanicsh nobleman who founded the dominican order
+devoted life to battling heresy while educating the church members |
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Term
| what did Dominicans primarily lead? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the pope who crushed protesters and unsubmissive kings |
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Term
| what are 3 PAPAL WEAPONS? |
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Definition
1-Excommunication
2-Interdict
3-Inquisition |
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Term
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Definition
| punishing an individual by depriving him from church, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| suspension of public church to punish a king and his kingdom |
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Term
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Definition
| court commisions to stamp out heresy-exercised torture and killing |
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Term
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Definition
1-no taxation w/o representation
2-trial by jury + due process of Law
LIMITS KINGS POWER;INTO THE COUNCIL'S HANDS |
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Term
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Definition
| local tribal leaders who protect |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| who is HENRY THE FOWLER(HENRY I)? |
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Definition
| the 1st Saxon king-expanded German land |
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Term
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Definition
| Henry's son who relied on church officials |
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Term
| why did Otto become emperor? |
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Definition
| he aided the Pope in Rome |
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Term
| essentially, what was the HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE? |
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Definition
| the German empire and its association w/the church |
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Term
| what are 2 conflicts w/the empire? |
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Definition
1-conflict w/interest when Otto neglected home
2-Conflicts w/popes-who has the power? |
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Term
| what is the SALIAN HOUSE? |
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Definition
| the rulers of the HRE-weak+civil war |
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Term
| what marked the decline of the HRE? |
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Definition
| the death of Fredrick II, heir to the German and Sicilean thrones |
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Term
| who was ALFRED THE GREAT? |
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Definition
| Anglo-Saxon king who pushed back the invading Danes and built th English navy |
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Term
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Definition
| "counties" governed by shire-reeves (later sheriffs) |
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Term
| who compiled the ANGLO-SAXON CHRONICLE? |
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Definition
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Term
| after Afred dies,who pushes the Danes out for the second time? |
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Definition
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Term
| after Edward's death, who fights for the throne? |
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Definition
| William of Normandy and Harold, a great earl |
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Term
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Definition
| the BATTLE OF HASTINGS-10/12/1066-William became "the conquerer" |
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Term
| what are TENANTS-IN CHIEF? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is the DOMESDAY BOOK? |
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Definition
| William's survey of land and stock |
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Term
| which king strengthened royal authority with courts? |
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Definition
| Henry II, a wealthy fremchman |
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Term
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Definition
| it ensured justice and unified the nation |
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Term
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Definition
| archibishop of Canterbury(most poserful role in European church) |
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Term
| who was martyred for not obeying the king, but impressing his OWN authority? |
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Definition
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Term
| who was RICHARD THE LION HEARTED? |
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Definition
| Henry's son-travelled on the 3rd Crusade |
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Term
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Definition
| the cruel brother of Richard |
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Term
| what were King John's 3 opponants |
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Definition
1-the French King
2-the pope
3-the english nobles |
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Term
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Definition
| the magna carta was signed |
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Term
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Definition
| tried to unite all of the UK and developed Parliament |
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Term
| what is the "CURIS REGIS"? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the "power of the purse" |
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Definition
| when parliament could make the king listen to their grievences |
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Term
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Definition
| the French king chosen by the Feudal lords |
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Term
| what was significant about the CAPETIAN HOUSE? |
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Definition
it was strong
-no rebellions
-marriage alliances
-centralized gov. system
-church and townspeople allied
-financial independence |
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Term
| what is the ILE-DE-FRANCE? |
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Definition
| the Capetians' land which they ruled |
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Term
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Definition
| the french king who was "master of all his domain" |
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Term
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Definition
| "Augustus" the real founder of France |
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Term
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Definition
| the royal officials that replaced the feudal lords |
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Term
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Definition
| the "French Justinian" "St. Louis" ideal medieval king |
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Term
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Definition
| "the fair" gave HEAVY taxes even on the clergy |
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Term
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Definition
| declared that no king could force taxes on the clergy-pope |
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Term
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Definition
| urged the French to join the crusades "holy war" |
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Term
| what were some of the motives of the crusades? |
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Definition
-pious reasons
-fame and prosperity
-commercial reasons
-adventure
-for "fun" |
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Term
| how many major crusades were there? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-Fredrick of Germany drowned
-Philip of France left
-Richard made a truce |
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Term
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Definition
| -political reasons, never reached the holy land, but pillaged Constantinople |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what were 5 consequences to the crusades? |
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Definition
1-weakened Europe's feudal system
2-expanded commercial activity
3-strengthened leadership NOT papacy
4-opened new horizons to the Medieval Euopeans
5-offered important lessons 4 Christian church |
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Definition
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