Term
| what makes up biofilm microbial mix? |
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Definition
| bacteria, yeast, protozoa and viruses make up biofilm microbial mix. |
|
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Term
| what is a mass of living organisms that can/will become mineralized upon the death of the organisms? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| is calculus hard or soft? |
|
Definition
| hard;because calculus us dead biofilm. |
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Term
| how can biofilm be disorganized? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| can calculus be brushed off? |
|
Definition
| no, mineralized biofilm can not be brushed off. |
|
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Term
| what type of charge does biofilm have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of charge does a tooth have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
true or false
biofilms have a slime layer with fibrils or appendages that extend from cell walls or extracellular coating. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| do the actions of microbes impact the course of pathology? |
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Definition
| yes they interact and influence each other. |
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|
Term
| biofilms exposed to what type of antimicrobial agents may become resistant? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what works best to disturb biofilm attachment? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some biofilm soft deposits? |
|
Definition
-aquired pellicle or cuticle
-dental biofilm
-matereal alba (cottage cheese)
-food debris |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| calculus (mineralized biofilm) |
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|
Term
| explain the properties acquired pellicle. |
|
Definition
1. forms within minutes of professional tooth polishing
2. amorphous (no specific shape)
3.acellular (not made of cells)
4. organic
5.composed of glycoprotein from saliva that has an attached carbohydrate component(glycoprotiend contains carb)
6. glycoprotein is adsorbed into tooth surface |
|
|
Term
| what is tooth surface made up of>? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| what do glycoprotiens coat on the tooth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| unstained pellicle surface |
|
Definition
translucent
insoluble
not visible unless using disclosing agent
if there is biofillm it will stain darker. |
|
|
Term
| where is a subsurface pellicle? |
|
Definition
| embedded in tooth it is endogenous (occured during tooth formation) |
|
|
Term
| how could a surface pellicle be stained? |
|
Definition
extrinisically
-brown
-gray
-green (weed) |
|
|
Term
| what is the purpose of pellicle? |
|
Definition
protects against acids
lubricates
nidus for bacteria (allows bacteria to attach) |
|
|
Term
| what are some characteristics of dental biofilm? |
|
Definition
dense, nonmineralized complex masses of microbial colonies
gel-like
adhere to pellicle |
|
|
Term
| what can dental biofilm adhere to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the "pioneer species" referring to? |
|
Definition
| primary colonizers that are not pathogenic and are able to stick directly to pellicle. |
|
|
Term
| what is the sequence of colonizers in dental biofilm? |
|
Definition
cocci-usually streptococci
followed by short rod
followed by filamentous bacteria rods
areas of stagnation follow that |
|
|
Term
| what is the most abundant of biofim, is aerobic, and as it grows becomes more anaerobic? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| who is usually the first colonizer in dental biofilm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who usually follows strep sanguis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some aerobic bacteria that are 1st colonizers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some gram + rods that are found in plaque |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some gram - rods found in plaque? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is present on days 1-2 of not brushing/flossing? |
|
Definition
gram positive cocci
s. mutans and s. sanguis |
|
|
Term
| days 2-4 what happens to cocci? |
|
Definition
| they increase in numbers and turn filamentus forms and slender rods that replace cocci. |
|
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Term
| what dental biofilm appears day 7-14? |
|
Definition
| vibrios and spirochetes, this is where white blood cells increase and gums become enflammed. the tissue is smooth and red and bleeds easily. |
|
|
Term
| what happens days 14-21 in the mouth? |
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Definition
| vibrious and spirochetes are prevalent and cocci is in filamentus form, microorganisms are perpendicular to tooth in palisade. and gingivitis is evident. |
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|
Term
| what demineralizes tooth surface and over time causes cavitation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| can soft biofilm be rinsed off with just water? |
|
Definition
| no.... brushing flossing and interdental aids are the only things that can remove soft deposits. |
|
|
Term
| is gingivitis reversible? |
|
Definition
| yes it only takes a few days of proper care to reverse gingivitis. |
|
|
Term
| how long does it take to develop gingivitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of microorganisms are subgingival? |
|
Definition
anarobic
motile
gram negative |
|
|
Term
| how does subgingival biofilm develop? |
|
Definition
-attach to pellicle
-can be associated with calculus
-root caries
-root resorption |
|
|
Term
| what makes up organic subgingival biofilm? |
|
Definition
70-80% microorganisms
20% water
carbs and protiens
varies with age and tooth surface |
|
|
Term
| what makes up inorganic subgingival biofilm? |
|
Definition
-calcium
-phosphorus
-magnesium
-flouride |
|
|
Term
| where does protein come from in subgingival biofilm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where do carbs come from in subgingival biofilm? |
|
Definition
-glucans
-fructans
-levans |
|
|
Term
| what is considered supragingival? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is ginviva thickest>? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are fissures and pits located on teeth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if something is subgingival it is to be considered where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what can influence biofilm accumulation? |
|
Definition
-teeth crowding
-rough surfaces
-difficult to clean areas
-out of occlusion
-bacterial multiplication |
|
|
Term
| if there is a thin layer of biofilm how would it be seen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| yes if thick enough it will stain teeth yellow or other colors |
|
|
Term
| if there is thick biofilm what would it be like |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how could one detect biofilm? |
|
Definition
-tactile explorer or probe
-use of disclosing agent
-recording of biofilm score |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| soft deposits of biofilm looks like cottage cheese, very loosely packed dead material. |
|
|
Term
| what could cause material alba? |
|
Definition
gingival inflammation
dental demineralization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what can increase risk of calculus but decrease risk of caries? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what can decrease risk of calculus and increase risk of caries? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what exactly is calculus? |
|
Definition
| crystals that vary in calcium and phosphate combination that cover hydroxyapetite and brushite and whitelockite |
|
|
Term
| where are the places where calculus is most likely formed? |
|
Definition
| mandibular anterior linguals and maxillary 1st molar buccals |
|
|
Term
| what do people with asthma and systic fibrosis have in common? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does calculus attach? |
|
Definition
-perikymata
-point of origin "sharpy's fiber"
-demineralized areas
-rough areas |
|
|
Term
| what can inhibit calculus? |
|
Definition
| dental products with pyrophosphate or metal ions like zinc. |
|
|
Term
| can calculus for on imitations or crowns |
|
Definition
| yes implants, crowns, and dentures are all susceptible to calculus. |
|
|
Term
| how long does it take to form calculus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is calculus related to biofilm? |
|
Definition
develops from down growth of supragingival biofilm.
-pathogenic
-inflammatory response
-destruction of periodontal structures, loss of junctional epithelium. |
|
|
Term
| how do you detect supragingival calculus? |
|
Definition
-direct vision
-compressed air
-good light |
|
|
Term
| how do you detect subgingival calculus? |
|
Definition
-dark due to blood
-explorer, probe
-gingival tissue discoloration
-radiographs
-perioscopy |
|
|
Term
| how should you handle a patient with calculus? |
|
Definition
-biofilm control plan
-explain oral and systemic links
-documentation and compliance from patient |
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