Term
| Inotropes that directly increase cAMP |
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Definition
Dopamine
Dobutamine
Epinephrine
Isoproterenol |
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Term
| Inotropes that indirectly increase cAMP (inhibit cAMP phosphodiesterase) |
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Definition
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Term
| Inotropes that inhibit Na/K transporter |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Low (1-5): increase renal perfusion
Med (5-10): stimulate B1 and B2 receptors (increase HR and contractility)
High (> 10): Stimulate Alpha 1 receptors (vasoconstriction and increase MAP) |
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Term
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Definition
| Mostly B1 (contractility), some B2 (vasodilation) at high doses (> 15) |
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Term
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Definition
# inhibits cAMP phosphodiesterase resulting in increased cAMP and influx of Ca into cell
# Causes increased contractility
# pulmonary vasodilator
# Not subject to beta-receptor down-regulation (good for long-term use) |
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Term
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Definition
# B1 stimulation (increase HR and contractility)
# B2 stimulation vasodilation
# rarely used because it is arrhytmogenic, increase myocardial metabolic demand, may actually decrease BP (B2 agonist) |
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Term
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Definition
# low doses (1-5): B2 stimulation (vasodilation) > B1 stimulation (Increase HR and contractility)
# High dose (> 5): A1 and A2 stimulation (vasoconstriction) |
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Term
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Definition
Neosynephrine
A1 stimulation (vasoconstriction) |
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Term
| Effects or norepinephrine |
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Definition
Levophed
predominately A1 and A2 (vasoconstriction)
Some B1 (contractility)
Potent splanchnic vasoconstriction |
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Term
| Pressor that is a potent splanchnic vasoconstrictor |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Low doses (0.01 - 0.1): V-1 receptor stimulation causing arterial vasonstriction |
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Term
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Definition
# NO mediated vasodilator
# can cause cyanide toxicity (after 72 hrs, check thiocyanate levels and look for signs of metabolic acidosis, increase SvO2 because disrupts electron transport chain |
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Term
| Effects of nitroglycerine |
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Definition
# predominately venodilation via NO
# decreases ventricle wall tension by decreasing preload
# also a coronary vasodilator |
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Term
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Definition
# binds soluble guanylate cyclase receptor increase cGMP and causing vasodilation
# inhaled nitric oxide is a selective pulmonary artery vasodilator
# AKA endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF)
# precursor is Arginine, converted by nitric oxid synthetase in the endothelium) |
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Term
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Definition
# vascular smooth muscle constriction
# gluconeogenesis
# glycogenolysis |
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Term
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Definition
| venous smooth muscle constriction |
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Term
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Definition
myocardial contraction
Heart rate |
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Term
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Definition
# Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle
# relaxes vascular smooth muscle
# insulin secretion |
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Term
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Definition
| relaxation of renal and splanchnic smooth muscle |
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Term
| Site of action of intermediate dose (4-10 mcg/kg/min) dopamine |
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Definition
# ++B-1 (inotropy)
# +A-1 (some vasoconstriction) |
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Term
| Site of action of high dose (>10 mcg/kg/min) dopamine |
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Definition
| +++A-1 agonist (marked arteriolar vasoconstriction and increasing afterload) |
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Term
| Site of action of epinephrine |
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Definition
# low dose B-1 and B2 (increase contractility, increase vasodilation)
# high dose A-1 and A-1 (vasoconstriction) |
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Term
| Site of action of norepinephrine (Levophed) |
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Definition
# low dose B-1 (increase contractility)
# high dose A-1 and A-2 (vasoconstriction) |
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Term
| Site of action of vasopressin |
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Definition
# V-1 receptors: vasoconstriction of vascular smooth muscle
# V-2 receptors: water reabsorption in collecting ducts of kidney
# V-3 receptors: mediate release of vWF and F8 |
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Term
| Site of action of phenylephrine (Neo) |
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Definition
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