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| Several sobordinates, cabinet officers, and committees report directly to the president on different matters. |
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| The president's use of his prestige and visibility to guide or enthuse the American public. |
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| The heads of the fifteen executive branch departments of the federal government. |
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| Several of the president's assistants report directly to him. |
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| One party controls the White House and another party controls one or both houses of Congress. |
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The people chosen to cast each state's votes in a presidential election. Each state can cast one electoral vote for each senator and representative it has. The District of Columbia has three electoral votes even though it cannot elect a representative or senator. |
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| The inability of the government to act because rival parties control different parts of the government. |
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| Charges against a president approved by a majority of the House of Representatives. |
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| A person still in office after he or she has lost a bid for re-election. |
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The authority of Congress to block a presidential action after it has taken place. The Supreme Court has held that Congress does not have this power. |
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| The authority, held by many governors but not by the president, to veto specific items in a bill without vetoing it in its entirety. |
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| A bill fails to become law because the president did not sign it within ten days before Congress adjourns. |
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| A president's subordinates report to him through a clear chain of command headed by a chief of staff. |
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The same party controls the White House and both houses of Congress. |
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| A message from the president to Congress stating that he will not sign a bill it has passed. Must be produced within ten days of the bill's passage. |
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