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| pre-Inca site (800-1400 CE). 17 pyramids. Built by the Hauri (evident by textiles and ceramic designs found in cemeteries). In between Inca and Hauri, people used the site as a religious center to for the veneration of the Pacha Kamaq, the creator god. Incas used it for administrative center. |
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| ninth Sapa Inca who created what is known as the Inca empire. Machu Picchu built as his estate. |
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| family clan each headed by an Inca king and supported in luxury by the lands and retainers acquired through conquest during that king’s rein. Dedicated to maintaining reputation of founder |
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| Casas Grandes-Mud and gravel structures in Mexico. Similar to those found in Southwestern US archaeological zones. On same meridian line as Chaco. Lekson argues that this is purposeful and made to commemorate cultural development. Tree-ring dating showed Casas to be dated to thirteenth through sixteenth centuries (not connected to Chaco). Close to Chaco road. Lekson’s claim is not widely supported. |
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| The area is perhaps best known for its Incan ruins, known as Inca Písac, which lie atop a hill at the entrance to the valley. The ruins are separated along the ridge into four groups: Pisaqa, Intihuatana, Q'allaqasa, and Kinchiracay.[2] Intihuatana (the Temple of the Sun) includes a number of baths and temples. Intihuatana, a volcanic outcrop carved into a "hitching post" for the Sun (or Inti), is the focus of the complex. The angles of its base suggest that it served some astronomical function. Q'allaqasa, which is built onto a natural spur and overlooks the valley, is known as the citadel |
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| conqueror of the Incan Empire. On subsequent days two of Pizarro's men reconnoitered the territory and both, on separate accounts, reported back the incredible riches of the land, including the decorations of silver and gold around the chief's residence |
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| is a Chacoan Anasazi. 89 rooms. it was begun between 1020 and 1050 AD. Its location made the community visible to most of the inhabitants of the San Juan Basin. The community was the center of a bead- and turquoise-processing industry that influenced the development of all villages in the canyon; chert tool production was also common |
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| occupied between AD 828 and 1126. 2009, it was reported that traces of cacao from, at the nearest, 1,200 miles (1,900 km) away in Mexico, were detected in pottery shards at Pueblo Bonito. This was the first demonstration that cacao, important in rituals, had been brought into the area that became the United States at any time before the Spanish arrived around 1500. Cylindrical pottery jars, common in Central America, had previously been found, but are rare. Discovered by Simpson. 650-800 rooms. Two parts with two kivas (ritual rooms). Less than 800 people probably (result of room analysis and fire-pit analysis). Some estimates under 100. Seasonal and spiritual value. The site allows us to begin to comprehend the degree to which the Anasazi/ Ancient Pueblo understood the solar and lunar cycles. The solar and Lunar cycles are marked in the petroglyphs of the surrounding cliff area as well as in the architecture of Pueblo Bonito itself |
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