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| of or pertaining to the time or a period prior to recorded history: |
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| The New Stone Age from 8500 to 4500 BCE |
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| treatment of forms, colors, space, etc., as they appear or might appear in nature. |
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| A chisel with a sharp point, used for engraving |
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| to make (marks, figures, etc.) by cutting; engrave; carve. |
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| standing free with all sides shown, rather than carved in relief against a ground. |
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| artwork where a carved or modelled form is raised—or, in a sunken-relief |
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| to give the most perspective on a figure from every turn. |
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| a hard, fired clay, brownish-red in color when unglazed, |
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| a stone of great size, especially in ancient construction work, |
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| post and lintel architecture |
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| the simplest type of construction: vertical members (columns, posts, piers or walls) support horizontal members (beams, or lintels) as in ancient Egyptian or Greek temples. |
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| an upright monumental stone standing either alone or with others, as in an alignment, found chiefly in Cornwall and Brittany. |
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| a structure usually regarded as a tomb, consisting of two or more large, upright stones set with a space between and capped by a horizontal stone. |
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| a prehistoric structure consisting of two upright stones supporting a horizontal stone. |
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| a megalithic chamber tomb. |
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| Neolithic monument of the British Isles, consisting of a circular area enclosed by a bank and ditch |
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| a sovereign state consisting of an autonomous city with its dependencies. |
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| the belief in the existence of many gods |
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| a form of government in which God or a deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler, |
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| a temple tower of the ancient Mesopotamian valley, having the form of a terraced pyramid |
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| what a figure stands on, usually used to show that the figure is not standing in this world. |
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| any sculptured or richly ornamented band in a building or by extension, in rich pieces of furniture. |
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| It is the manipulation of size and space in a picture to emphasize importance of a specific object. |
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| a record consisting of pictorial symbols, as a prehistoric cave drawing or a graph or chart with symbolic figures representing a certain number of people, cars, factories, etc. |
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| one of the earliest known forms of written expression |
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| a tall, slender stone monument, often with writing carved into its surface |
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| a sculptural relief in which forms extend only slightly from the background; no figures are undercut |
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| a sculptural relief in which forms extend out from the background to at least half their depth |
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| the art, technique, or pro-telling a story |
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| A composite animal, usually winged human headed bull |
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| in Egypt, the center of Egyptian life. |
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| South, Higher elevation, depicted as lotus blossom |
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| North, lower elevation, depicted as a papyrus plant in art. |
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| an element of an egyptian writing system |
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| a title of an ancient Egyptian king. |
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| a sequence of rulers from the same family, stock, or group: |
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| egyptian soul in the after life, statues were made for it. |
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| a cemetery, especially one of large size and usually of an ancient city. |
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| an embalmed corpse wrapped in linen bandages for burial |
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| a stone coffin, often inscribed or decorated |
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| a creature with the head of a human and the body of an animal (commonly a lion) |
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| a rectangular structure with a flat top and slightly sloping sides, built during ancient egyptian times above tombs |
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| an ancient massive construction with a square or rectangular bas and four triangular sides meeting in an apex, built as tombs |
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| a support for the ends of adjacent spans |
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| distinctively treated upper end of a column |
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| noting or pertaining to certain styles in art in which the representations or methods are fixed by or as if by religious tradition. |
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| A series of columns at regular intervals |
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| having a roof supported on a row of columns |
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| a portion of an interio rising above adjacent rooftops and having windows admitting daylight to the interior |
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| a gateway to the inner part of an ancient egyptian temple |
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| a material similar to paper made from the cyperus plant |
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| the technique of painting on dry plaster with pigments mixed in water |
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| king of Egypt, of the 18th dynasty; he moved his capital from Thebes to Tell El Amarna and introduced the cult of Aten |
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| Egyptian capital moved and monotheism began in this period. |
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| a primitive style of masonry characterized by use of massive stones of irregular shape and size |
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| an arch-like construction method that uses the method of overlapping stones |
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| a rectangular hall, fronted by an open, two-columned porch, and a more or less central, open hearth vented though an oculus in the roof above it |
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| a space, often triangular, left above a lintel in megalithic construction to relieve the weight of the superincumbent masonry |
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| a dome or domed building, dome-shaped tomb from the Mycenaean period |
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| avenue or entrance-way to a building; passage to a tomb; ancient Greek race course |
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| a metalworking technique in which a thin sheet of malleable metal is shaped by hammering from the reverse side to create a design in low relief |
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| government by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people |
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| the rational investigation of the truths and principles of being, knowledge, or conduct |
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| the science or art of political government. |
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| places humanity in the center of the world, perfection of humanity. |
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| a consistent, orderly, or pleasing arrangement of parts; congruity. |
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| a set of stories, traditions, or beliefs associated with a particular group or the history of an event, arising naturally or deliberately |
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| the citadel or high fortified area of an ancient Greek city. |
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| the principles or styles characteristic of the literature and art of ancient Greece and Rome. |
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| a series of conflicts between the Achaemenid Empire of Persia and city-states of the Hellenic world that started in 499 BC and lasted until 449 BC |
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| a war in which Athens and its allies were defeated by the league centered on Sparta; 431-404 BC |
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| Greek vase painting, based on the figural depictions in red color on a black ground |
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| Greek vase painting, based on the figural depictions in black color on a back ground |
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| to reduce or distort in order to convey the illusion of three-dimensional space as perceived by the human eye |
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| unattached to a supporting unit or background; standing alone. |
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| the position of a figure whose hips and legs are twisted away from the direction of the head and shoulders |
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| to receive form in a mold. |
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| a method of casting a sculpture in which a model of the sculpture is made from wax when the mould has set the was has melted. |
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| consists typically of a channeled column without a base, having as a capital a circular echinus supporting a square abacus, above which come a plain architrave, a frieze of triglyphs and metopes, |
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| consisted of a fluted column with a molded base and a capital composed of four volutes, usually parallel to the architrave with a pulvinus connecting a pair on each side of the column, and an entablature typically consisting of an architrave of three fascias, a richly ornamented frieze, and a cornice corbeled out on egg-and-dart and dentil moldings, with the frieze sometimes omitted. |
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| usually of slenderer proportions, and characterized by a deep capital with a round bell decorated with acanthus leaves and a square abacus with concave sides. The capital has typically two distinct rows of acanthus leaves above which appear eight fluted sheaths, from each of which spring two scrolls |
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| a column that supports a vaulting rib, sometimes one of a set |
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| a channel, groove, or furrow, as on the shaft of a column. |
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| A slight convex curvature introduced into the shaft of a column for aesthetic reasons, compensate for the illusion of concavity |
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| the lintel of beam that rests on the capitals of the columns |
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| the distinctively treated portion of a column or pier below the shaft or shafts. |
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| the entire construction of a classical temple or the like between the columns and the eaves, usually composed of an architrave, a frieze, and a cornice. |
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| a low-pitched gable, esp one that is triangular, as used in classical architecture |
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| the inner chamber of a temple where the image or statue is kept |
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| an open space, as a courtyard, surrounded by a colonnade. |
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| a structural member of a Doric frieze, separating two consecutive metopes, and consisting typically of a rectangular block |
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| any of the square spaces, either decorated or plain, between triglyphs in the Doric frieze. |
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| an oval or round building with tiers of seats around a central open area, as those used in ancient Rome for gladiatorial contests. |
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