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Pre-AP English Logical Fallacies
Common Logical Fallacies: errors that cause arguments to fail
17
English
9th Grade
01/12/2014

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Cards

Term
Ad Hominem
Definition
(to the individual) Targets a persons characteristics rather than the argument.
Term
Ad Populum
Definition
(to the crowd) A misconception that a widespread occurrence of something is assumed to make an idea true. (bandwagon)
Term
Circular Reasoning
Definition
Trying to prove one idea with another idea that is too similar to the first idea. Such an error, moves logic backward in its attempt to move forward.
Term
Hasty Generalization
Definition
Drawing general and premature conclusion on the basis of only one or two cases.
Term
Either/ or Reasoning
Definition
The tendency to see an issue as having only two sides.
Term
Begging the Question
Definition
taking for granted something that really needs proving.
Term
Non Sequitur
Definition
(it dies not follow) An inference or conclusion that does not follow or establish premises or evidence.
Term
She is not a good candidate for president because she has a weird smile.
Definition
Ad hominem
Term
Her mom and dad should let her stay out until 2am because all of the parents let their kids stay out that late.
Definition
Ad populum
Term
The possession of firearms should be completely banned or completely legal.
Definition
Either/ or Reasoning
Term
Dallas police suggested that all dogs be muzzled because 2 golden retrievers have been disturbing the people in the park.
Definition
Hasty generalizaation
Term
Students should be allowed to use their notes on the test because they looked up and learned the material to complete the notes.
Definition
Begging the Question
Term
He is sincere; he must be right.
Definition
Non Sequitur
Term
3 congressional representatives have had affairs. Therefore, members of Congress are adulterers.
Definition
Hasty Generalization
Term
The Steak Escape. Americas favorite cheese steak
Definition
Ad populum
Term
if you're not for us, you're against us.
Definition
Either/ or reasoning
Term
I think I would make a good ambassador to china. I have many friends from different ethnic backgrounds.
Definition
Non Sequitur
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