Term
Cemento-ossifying fibroma (Downward bowing of inferior cortex, wide age range)
Florid-osseous dyspalsia (Multi-focal, middle-aged black females, avoid biopsy)
Focal Cemento-osseous dysplasia (Unifocal, middle-aged white women)
Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia (middle- aged black women, no tx) |
|
Definition
| Benign Fibro-osseous lesions |
|
|
Term
| Multilocular Radiolucency |
|
Definition
OKC: Gorlin syndrome, tooth:y/n, resection
CGCG: tooth: < 30 yrs, may perforate cortex, excision
Ameloblastoma: soap bubble, tooth: y/n, resection
Odontogenic myxoma: soap bubble, young adults, wispy stroma can cause recurrence, resection or curettage
Central Hemangioma: fatal bleeding, sclerotherapy or surgical embolization
Cherubism: bilateral, symmetric, mandible, recontour after growth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
AOT: enucleation
COC: excision
Simple bone cyst (scalloping, cortical expansion): surgical exploration often curative
Lateral periodontal cyst: excision
Ameloblastoma: resection
OKC: resection
Dentigerous cyst: excision with extraction |
|
|
Term
| Solitary radiopaque lesion |
|
Definition
Osteoblastoma: not aspirin, > 2 cm, excision or curettage
Cementoblastoma: attch roots tooth, radiolucent halo, excision w/ extraction
Osteoma: Peducunculated/sessile or in bone, young adults, Gardner syndrome,
Odontoma: radiolucent halo, excision
Condensing osteitis: apex/necrosis, RCT or extract
Idiopathic osteosclerosis: no radiolucent rim, not associated with infection, no tx |
|
|
Term
| Mixed w/ well-defined borders |
|
Definition
COC: ghost cells
AOT: snowflake
CEOT: adults, driven snow, excision
Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma: children
Cementoblastoma: tooth root
Benign fibro-osseous lesions
Osteoblastoma: not aspirin
Osteoid osteoma: nocturnal, asprin, central nidus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fibrous dysplasia: cafe-au-lait, ground glass
Paget's Disease: cotton wool, hypercementosis
Focal osteoporotic marrow defect: fine trabeculations
Osteosarcoma: sunburst, < 20 yrs, widened PDL
Chondrosarcoma: Adults
Osteomyelitis: moth-eaten, onion-skin
Osteoradionecrosis: moth-eaten
Massive osteolysis: extensive bone loss
Ewing's Sarcoma: < 20 yrs, loose teeth
SSC
Metastatic tumors: moth-eaten, wide PDL |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mixed or radiopaque
Multi-quadrant
Avoid biopsy
AA females
No tx
Risk of osteomyelitis, poor wound healing |
|
|
Term
| Periapical cemento-osseous dyspalsia |
|
Definition
radiolucent/-paque/mixed
Mandibular anterior
AA females
No tx |
|
|
Term
| Idiopathic osteosclerosis |
|
Definition
Radiopaque
No radiolucent rim
Well-defined
Not associated w/odontogenic infection
Mandibular molar region
Near roots of teeth
No tx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiopaque or mixed
Radiolucent halo
Attached to roots
Mandibular 1st molar
Tx: Excision w/extraction or
Root amputation w/endo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiolucencies
Multilocular, bilateral
Mandible and ramus
Tx: may resolve after puberty
Recontour after growth is complete |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiopaque
Discrete, dome-shaped
Base of maxillary sinus
Tx: none, refer to ENT if symptomatic, treat infection |
|
|
Term
| Focal Osteoporotic Marrow Defect |
|
Definition
Radiolucent
Non-discrete borders
Mandibular molar/premolar area
May contain trabeculations
Older females
No treatment, biopsy for diagnosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiopaque
Apex of tooth
Necrosis, pulpitis
Treat infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiolucency
Multi-locular or unilocular
Multiple = Nevoid basal cell ca (Gorlin)
Multiple BCC's, bifid ribs, calcified falx cerebri
Palmar and plantar pits
Enucleation, marsupialization, freezing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiolucent
Multilocular
Young < 30
Anterior jaws
Non-odontogenic
r/o hyperparathyroid "Brown's tumor"
Tx: Surgical excision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiolucent
Multi or unilocular
Soap bubble
Benign, slow growing but aggressive
Tx: Resection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiolucent
Multilocular
Soap bubble
Young adults
Tx: Curettage, resection, ostectomy (size)
Wispy stroma cause recurrence
Stepladder trabeculations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiolucent
Multilocular
Biopsy - fatal bleeding
Tx: Sclerotherapy, surgical embolization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiolucent
Unilocular
Mandibular canine-premolar region
Adjacent to roots
Check vitality to r/o radicular cyst
Tx: Excision |
|
|
Term
| Simple bone cyst (traumatic cyst) |
|
Definition
Radiolucent
Unilocular
Scalloping between roots
Cortical expansion
Young, may have hx of trauma
Mandible
Tx: surgical exploration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiopaque or mixed
Solitary (late stage)
Pain not relieved by aspirin
Tx: Local excision or curettage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiopaque
Pedunculated,sessile, within bone
Circumscribed sclerotic mass or central trabecular
pattern
Young adults
Gardner syndrome
Colorectal polyps, epidermal cysts, supernumerary and impacted teeth, thyroid cancer
Tx: varies depending on size and location |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiopaque
Tooth-like or calcified mass
Thin radiolucent halo
Tx: surgical extraction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiopaque
Apex of tooth
Necrosis/pulpitis
Tx: RCT |
|
|
Term
| Idiopathic Osteosclerosis |
|
Definition
Radipaque
No radiolucent rim
Can be near roots of teeth, not odontogenic
No tx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mixed
Well-defined borders
Ghost cells
Anterior jaws
Tx: Excision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mixed
Well-defined borders
Teenage girls
Anterior maxilla
Impacted canine, other tooth
Snowflake calcifications
Tx: Enucleation |
|
|
Term
Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor (CEOT)
Pindborg tumor |
|
Definition
Mixed
Well-defined borders
Posterior mandible
Adults
Driven snow
Tx: Excision |
|
|
Term
| Ameloblastic Fibro-odontoma |
|
Definition
Mixed
Well-defined borders
Children
Tx: Curettage |
|
|
Term
| Cemento-ossifying fibroma |
|
Definition
Mixed
Well-defined borders
Downward bowing of inferior cortex
Tx: enucleation, excision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mixed
well-defined border
Multi-focal
Middle aged AA females
Tx: AVOID BIOPSY |
|
|
Term
| Focal cemento-osseous dysplasia |
|
Definition
Mixed
Well-defined borders
Unifocal
Middle-aged, white females
Tx: No tx, biopsy to establish dx |
|
|
Term
| Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia |
|
Definition
Mixed
Well-defined
Apices of lower incisors
Vital teeth
Middle-aged AA females
No tx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mixed
Well-defined borders
Radiopaque central nidus
Nocturnal pain
Relieved by aspirin
Tx: excision or curettage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mixed, radiopaque
Ill-defined borders
Ground glass, orange peel
Jaffe-Lichtenstein syndrome
McCune Albright syndrome
Smoky appearance on CT scan
Tx: delay until after puberty, then recontour |
|
|
Term
| Jaffe-Lichtenstein Syndrome |
|
Definition
Polyostotic Fibrous dysplasia
Cafe-au-lait pigmentation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Cafe-au-lait pigmentations
Endocrine problems
Extremet precocious puberty
Hyperthyroidism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiopaque, mixed
Cotton wool, patchy radiopacities
Hypercementosis
Bone pain, bowing of legs
Headaches, CN deficiencies
Increased risk of osteosarcoma
May be on bisphosphonates
Tx: NSAIDS, bisphosphonates, surgery |
|
|
Term
| Focal osteoporotic marrow defect |
|
Definition
Mixed
Ill-defined
Trabeculations
Females
Tx: biopsy for diagnosis, no treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiolucent, mixed, sunburst
Young patients < 20 yrs
Swelling and pain
Widening of PDL - early sign
Loosening of teeth
Paresthesia
Fair to poor prognosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiolucent, mixed, radiopaque
Focal radiopacities
Adults > 45 yrs
Maxilla
Sunburst or Wide PDL sometimes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiolucency or diffuse sclerosis
Moth eaten
Ill-defined
Onion skin periosteal reaction
Fever, pain, drainage, paresthesia
Tx: Debridement w/antibiotics
Risk factors: recent injury, orthopedic surgery, circulation problems, invasive medical tubing, IV street drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Moth-eaten radiolucency
May have radiopaque foci
Radiation tx
HBO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Radiolucent Ill-defined Loss of lamina dura, thinning cortex (early signs) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiolucent
Irregular w/ill-defined margins
Young < 20 yrs
Onion-skin periosteal rxn (uncommon in jaw)
Loosening of teeth, pain, swelling, fever, paresthesia
t(11;22) translocation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Superficial, irregular resorption of underlying bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Moth-eaten
Ill-defined
Mandible
Unexplained paresthesia of IA nerve
Widened PDL, mimic Periodontal disease |
|
|
Term
| Peripheral ossifying fibroma |
|
Definition
Pink, red
Interdental papilla
Nodule
Tx: excision to periosteum
Diff Dx: pyogenic granuloma, peripheral giant cell granuloma, peripheral odontogenic fibroma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pink or red
Nodule of interdental papilla
Radiograph: erosion of underlying cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Can occur on the gingiva
More common on buccal mucosa, lip and tongue |
|
|
Term
| Gingival cyst of the adult |
|
Definition
Blue, translucent
Gingiva or alveolar vestibular mucosa
Mandibular canine-premolar region
Tx: excision
soft tissue counterpart of lateral periodontal cyst |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Diffuse
Fibrotic gingival enlargement
Young patients
Idiopathic or familial
Tx: gingivectomy
Diff: Drug related gingival hyperplasia |
|
|
Term
| Gingival cyst of the newborn |
|
Definition
Whitish papules
Alveolar ridge
Tx: none
Bohn's nodules (hard and soft palate jxn)
Epstein's pearls (median palatal raphe) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pink to red
Polypoid mass
Maxillary alveolar ridge
Tx: excision |
|
|
Term
| Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy |
|
Definition
Blue to black
Rapidly expanding mass of alveolus (maxilla)
Develops in 1st year of life
Displace developing teeth
5% malignant
Tx: excision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pink
Nodule
Tongue, upper lip, anywhere
Tx: excision |
|
|
Term
| Schwannoma (neurilemmoma) |
|
Definition
Pink
Nodule
Upper lip, anywhere
encapsulated submucosal tumor
Tx: excision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pink
Nodule
Painful
Tx: excision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pink
Nodule
May be tender
Tx: excise |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pink
Nodule
Tongue
Firm to hard
Tx: excision |
|
|
Term
| Round, nodular, submucosal mass of the upper lip |
|
Definition
Benign neural lesion (neurofibroma, schwannoma)
Benign salivary gland tumor (pleomorphic adenoma, canalicular adenoma) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Nodular
Predilection for lower lip
Can mimic mucocele |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Swelling of upper lip and vestibule
Lateral to midline
Elevation of ala |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pink to white
Solitary lesion
Pebbly, pointy, hair-like
Exophytic, sessile or pedunculated
Tx: excision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
White
Multiple lesions common
Rough, pebbly surface, hair-like
Children
Autoinoculation sites (lips, anterior tongue)
Tx: excision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pink
Cauliflower-like
Multiple and clustered
Tx: excision, no aerosol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Yellow, reddish, white
Gingiva, alveolar mucosa
slightly raised with pebbly surface
Tx: excision |
|
|
Term
| Heck's Disease (Focal epithelial hyperplasia) |
|
Definition
Pink
Multiple
condyloma-like or pebbly
tongue, lips, buccal mucosa
American Indians, Eskimos
Tx: biospy for dx, regress on their own |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Red and white mixed
Males
Exophytic fungating mass
Papillary surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pink or red
Frog eggs
Tongue
Infants and children
Tx: excision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Multiple lumps
cafe-au-lait pigmentation
freckling of axilla
Lisch nodules, CNS tumors
Increased risk of malignant transformation |
|
|
Term
| Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2B |
|
Definition
Pink
Multiple mucosal neuromas
Lips, anterior tongue
Bilateral nodules of the commissures
Painless
Think, elongated limbs, long face, everted upper eyelid, adrenal neoplasms
Tx: prophylactic removal of thyroid |
|
|
Term
| Cowden syndrome (multiple hamartoma syndrome) |
|
Definition
Multiple intraoral papules
Multiple small facial papules
Nose, ears, mouth
Tx: prophylactic mastectomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Multiple nodules of the tongue
Macroglossia
Skin - waxy papules and plaques
Hx of multiple myeloma
Fatique, malaise, weight loss
Tx: Refer to physician |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Diffuse, persistent, swelling of lips
Intraoral: Cobblestone, papules, gingival swelling
Causes: Crohn's, foreign material, sarcoidosis, Tb, fungal infections, chronic granulomatous disease
Tx: refer to physician for work-up |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Red
Multiple itchy papules w/rough surface and foul odor
Oral lesions: white/normal colored papules, cobblestone (resembles nicotine stomatitis)
+/- nail changes
Lesions worsen in summer
Adolescence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Below geniohyoid
doughy submental swelling
Double chin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Midline of neck
Fluctuant swelling
Below hyoid bone
Young patients
Tx: sistrunk procedure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lump
Lateral neck
Infants and children
Turner's and Down's syndrome
Tx: excision, recur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lateral neck
Fluctuant mass
Anterior border of SCM
Young adults
Tx: Excision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fluctuant lesion of skin
Neck and face
Inflammation of hair follicle
Multiple in a young pt - r/o Gardner's syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Non-specific reactive lymphadenopathy |
|
Definition
Firm
enlarged lymph node
tender
Tx: monitor and biopsy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Firm, enlarged, tender lymph nodes
Sore throat, fever
Petechiae of hard and soft palate
NUG
Adolescents and young adults
EBV
Tx: refer to physician |
|
|
Term
Cat-scratch disease
Bartonella henselae |
|
Definition
Firm, painful
Submandibular or cervical lymphadenopathy
Young patients
Tx: palliative care, may need to drain node |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Firm, enlarged node
Slowly enlarging
Movable at first
non-tender
Tx: biopsy and refer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Firm
Solitary, enlarged, submandibular node |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
CGCG
Cemento-ossifying fibroma
Traumatic cyst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Ameloblastoma
Odontogenic myxoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Metastatic tumors
Osteomyelitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
osteoid osteoma
chondrosarcoma
osteoradionecrosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Heck's
Darier's
Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia
Orofacial granulomatosis |
|
|
